对微小RNA、表观遗传学和微肽组学的短暂一瞥
A Fleeting Glimpse Inside microRNA, Epigenetics, and Micropeptidomics.
作者信息
Santulli Gaetano
机构信息
Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
出版信息
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2015;887:1-14. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-22380-3_1.
MicroRNAs (miRs) are important regulators of gene expression in numerous biological processes. Their maturation process is herein described, including the most updated insights from the current literature. Circa 2000 miR sequences have been identified in the human genome, with over 50,000 miR-target interactions, including enzymes involved in epigenetic modulation of gene expression. Moreover, some "pieces of RNA" previously annotated as noncoding have been recently found to encode micropeptides that carry out critical mechanistic functions in the cell. Advanced techniques now available will certainly allow a precise scanning of the genome looking for micropeptides hidden within the "noncoding" RNA.
微小RNA（miR）是众多生物过程中基因表达的重要调节因子。本文描述了它们的成熟过程，包括当前文献中的最新见解。在人类基因组中已鉴定出约2000个miR序列，有超过50000种miR-靶标相互作用，包括参与基因表达表观遗传调控的酶。此外，一些先前被注释为非编码的“RNA片段”最近被发现可编码在细胞中发挥关键机制功能的微肽。现有的先进技术肯定能精确扫描基因组，寻找隐藏在“非编码”RNA中的微肽。
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