Coattrenec Yann, Harr Thomas, Pichard Claude, Nendaz Mathieu
Rev Med Suisse. 2015 Oct 14;11(490):1878, 1880-2, 1884-5.
Non celiac gluten sensitivity may explain digestive and general symptoms in patients without celiac disease but this recently described entity is controversial. The role of gluten in comparison to other nutriments such as saccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) remains debated. If a gluten-free diet is clearly indicated in celiac disease and wheat allergy, it remains debatable in non-celiac gluten sensitivity given weak and contradictory evidence. There is no strong evidence for a strict indication to a gluten-free diet in endocrinological, psychiatric, and rheumatologic diseases, or to improve performance in elite sports.
非乳糜泻麸质敏感可能解释了无乳糜泻患者的消化和全身症状，但这个最近才被描述的实体存在争议。与其他营养素如糖类和多元醇（可发酵的寡糖、双糖、单糖和多元醇）相比，麸质的作用仍存在争议。如果在乳糜泻和小麦过敏中明确需要无麸质饮食，那么鉴于证据薄弱且相互矛盾，在非乳糜泻麸质敏感中是否需要无麸质饮食仍存在争议。在内分泌疾病、精神疾病和风湿性疾病中，没有强有力的证据支持严格采用无麸质饮食，也没有证据表明无麸质饮食能提高精英运动员的表现。
