Leduc Charlotte, Quoix Elisabeth
Department of Pneumology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France.
Department of Pneumology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France
Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2016 Apr;10(2):130-5. doi: 10.1177/1753465815621233. Epub 2015 Dec 14.
The use of e-cigarettes has dramatically increased over the past few years and their role in smoking cessation remains controversial. Several clinical studies have evaluated their efficacy in smoking cessation but most of them are prospective cohort studies. Only two randomized, controlled trials have compared e-cigarettes versus placebo or patches. A meta-analysis of these two randomized, controlled trials has been performed. Nicotine-containing e-cigarettes appear to help smokers unable to stop smoking altogether to reduce their cigarette consumption when compared with placebo. However, these results are rated 'low' by GRADE standards. Many cohort studies have been conducted, with contradictory results. For some, e-cigarettes could increase the risk of nonsmokers developing nicotine dependence and of current smokers maintaining their dependence. The debate remains open and more randomized trials are needed with long-term data about the efficacy and safety of e-cigarettes.
在过去几年中，电子烟的使用急剧增加，其在戒烟中的作用仍存在争议。几项临床研究评估了电子烟在戒烟方面的功效，但其中大多数是前瞻性队列研究。仅有两项随机对照试验比较了电子烟与安慰剂或戒烟贴片的效果。对这两项随机对照试验进行了荟萃分析。与安慰剂相比，含尼古丁的电子烟似乎有助于那些无法完全戒烟的吸烟者减少香烟消费量。然而，根据GRADE标准，这些结果的评级为“低”。已经进行了许多队列研究，结果相互矛盾。对于一些研究来说，电子烟可能会增加非吸烟者产生尼古丁依赖以及现吸烟者维持尼古丁依赖的风险。这场争论仍未定论，需要更多的随机试验以及关于电子烟功效和安全性的长期数据。
