Liu Tong, Zhu Lusheng, Wang Jinhua, Wang Jun, Zhang Jun, Sun Xi, Zhang Cheng
College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
Sci Rep. 2015 Dec 17;5:18444. doi: 10.1038/srep18444.
In the present study, the toxic effects of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Omim]Cl), 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Omim]Br) and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Omim]BF4) in soil on Vicia faba (V. faba) seedlings at 0, 100, 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg kg(-1) were assessed for the first time at the cellular and molecular level. Moreover, the toxicity of these three ionic liquids (ILs) was evaluated, and the influence of anions on the toxicity of the ILs was assessed. The results showed that even at 100 mg kg(-1), the growth of V. faba seedlings was inhibited after exposure to the three ILs, and the inhibitory effect was enhanced with increasing concentrations of the three ILs. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was increased after exposure to the three ILs, which resulted in lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and oxidative damage in the cells of the V. faba seedlings. In addition, the anion structure could influence the toxicity of ILs, and toxicity of the three tested ILs decreased in the following order: [Omim]BF4 > [Omim]Br > [Omim]Cl. Moreover, oxidative damage is the primary mechanism by which ILs exert toxic effects on crops, and ILs could reduce the agricultural productivity.
在本研究中，首次在细胞和分子水平上评估了土壤中氯化1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑鎓（[Omim]Cl）、溴化1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑鎓（[Omim]Br）和四氟硼酸1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑鎓（[Omim]BF4）在0、100、200、400、600和800 mg kg(-1)浓度下对蚕豆（V. faba）幼苗的毒性作用。此外，评估了这三种离子液体（ILs）的毒性，并评估了阴离子对ILs毒性的影响。结果表明，即使在100 mg kg(-1)浓度下，暴露于这三种ILs后蚕豆幼苗的生长也受到抑制，且随着三种ILs浓度的增加，抑制作用增强。暴露于这三种ILs后，活性氧（ROS）水平升高，导致蚕豆幼苗细胞内脂质过氧化、DNA损伤和氧化损伤。此外，阴离子结构可影响ILs的毒性，三种受试ILs的毒性按以下顺序降低：[Omim]BF4＞[Omim]Br＞[Omim]Cl。此外，氧化损伤是ILs对作物产生毒性作用的主要机制，ILs会降低农业生产力。
