Ras通过NORE1A调节视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白。
Ras Regulates Rb via NORE1A.
作者信息
Barnoud Thibaut, Donninger Howard, Clark Geoffrey J
机构信息
From the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics.
Medicine, and.
出版信息
J Biol Chem. 2016 Feb 5;291(6):3114-23. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M115.697557. Epub 2015 Dec 16.
Mutations in the Ras oncogene are one of the most frequent events in human cancer. Although Ras regulates numerous growth-promoting pathways to drive transformation, it can paradoxically promote an irreversible cell cycle arrest known as oncogene-induced senescence. Although senescence has clearly been implicated as a major defense mechanism against tumorigenesis, the mechanisms by which Ras can promote such a senescent phenotype remain poorly defined. We have shown recently that the Ras death effector NORE1A plays a critical role in promoting Ras-induced senescence and connects Ras to the regulation of the p53 tumor suppressor. We now show that NORE1A also connects Ras to the regulation of a second major prosenescent tumor suppressor, the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein. We show that Ras induces the formation of a complex between NORE1A and the phosphatase PP1A, promoting the activation of the Rb tumor suppressor by dephosphorylation. Furthermore, suppression of Rb reduces NORE1A senescence activity. These results, together with our previous findings, suggest that NORE1A acts as a critical tumor suppressor node, linking Ras to both the p53 and the Rb pathways to drive senescence.
Ras癌基因的突变是人类癌症中最常见的事件之一。尽管Ras调节众多促进生长的信号通路以驱动细胞转化,但自相矛盾的是,它能促进一种不可逆的细胞周期停滞,即癌基因诱导的衰老。尽管衰老显然已被认为是对抗肿瘤发生的一种主要防御机制,但Ras促进这种衰老表型的机制仍不清楚。我们最近发现,Ras死亡效应器NORE1A在促进Ras诱导的衰老中起关键作用,并将Ras与p53肿瘤抑制因子的调节联系起来。我们现在发现,NORE1A还将Ras与另一种主要的促衰老肿瘤抑制因子视网膜母细胞瘤(Rb)蛋白的调节联系起来。我们发现,Ras诱导NORE1A与磷酸酶PP1A形成复合物,通过去磷酸化促进Rb肿瘤抑制因子的激活。此外,Rb的抑制降低了NORE1A的衰老活性。这些结果,连同我们之前的发现,表明NORE1A作为一个关键的肿瘤抑制节点,将Ras与p53和Rb通路联系起来以驱动衰老。
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