Annesley T M
Department of Pathology, University Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109.
Clin Chem. 1989 Jul;35(7):1337-41.
Numerous physiological changes during the normal aging process can potentially affect how drugs are handled by the body. Gastrointestinal changes include increased gastric pH, decreased intestinal motility, and decreased blood perfusion. Age-related changes in body composition and protein concentrations in plasma contribute to alterations in the distribution of drugs. Hepatic metabolism of drugs may be affected, and renal excretion via glomerular filtration or tubular secretion is diminished. The importance of each of these physiological changes in the elderly, as well as the contribution of multi-drug therapy and other external factors, is discussed.
正常衰老过程中的许多生理变化可能会潜在地影响身体对药物的处理方式。胃肠道变化包括胃pH值升高、肠道蠕动减慢和血液灌注减少。与年龄相关的身体成分和血浆蛋白浓度变化会导致药物分布改变。药物的肝脏代谢可能会受到影响，通过肾小球滤过或肾小管分泌的肾脏排泄也会减少。本文讨论了老年人这些生理变化中的每一个变化的重要性，以及多药治疗和其他外部因素的作用。
