School for Mass Communication Research, KU Leuven, Parkstraat 45, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Soc Sci Med. 2016 Jan;148:93-101. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.11.037. Epub 2015 Dec 2.
The few studies that have investigated the relationship between mobile phone use and sleep have mainly been conducted among children and adolescents. In adults, very little is known about mobile phone usage in bed our after lights out. This cross-sectional study set out to examine the association between bedtime mobile phone use and sleep among adults.
A sample of 844 Flemish adults (18-94 years old) participated in a survey about electronic media use and sleep habits. Self-reported sleep quality, daytime fatigue and insomnia were measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) and the Bergen Insomnia Scale (BIS), respectively. Data were analyzed using hierarchical and multinomial regression analyses.
Half of the respondents owned a smartphone, and six out of ten took their mobile phone with them to the bedroom. Sending/receiving text messages and/or phone calls after lights out significantly predicted respondents' scores on the PSQI, particularly longer sleep latency, worse sleep efficiency, more sleep disturbance and more daytime dysfunction. Bedtime mobile phone use predicted respondents' later self-reported rise time, higher insomnia score and increased fatigue. Age significantly moderated the relationship between bedtime mobile phone use and fatigue, rise time, and sleep duration. An increase in bedtime mobile phone use was associated with more fatigue and later rise times among younger respondents (≤ 41.5 years old and ≤ 40.8 years old respectively); but it was related to an earlier rise time and shorter sleep duration among older respondents (≥ 60.15 years old and ≥ 66.4 years old respectively).
Findings suggest that bedtime mobile phone use is negatively related to sleep outcomes in adults, too. It warrants continued scholarly attention as the functionalities of mobile phones evolve rapidly and exponentially.
少数研究手机使用与睡眠之间关系的研究主要集中在儿童和青少年中。在成年人中，关于熄灯后或上床后在床上使用手机的情况知之甚少。本横断面研究旨在调查成年人睡前使用手机与睡眠之间的关系。
一项针对 844 名弗拉芒成年人（18-94 岁）的调查研究了电子媒体使用和睡眠习惯。使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、疲劳评估量表（FAS）和卑尔根失眠量表（BIS）分别评估睡眠质量、白天疲劳和失眠。使用分层和多项回归分析对数据进行分析。
一半的受访者拥有智能手机，十分之六的受访者将手机带到卧室。熄灯后收发短信和/或电话显著预测受访者的 PSQI 得分，尤其是睡眠潜伏期延长、睡眠效率降低、睡眠障碍增多和白天功能障碍增多。睡前使用手机预测受访者的起床后时间、更高的失眠得分和更高的疲劳程度。年龄显著调节了睡前使用手机与疲劳、起床后时间和睡眠时间之间的关系。睡前使用手机的增加与年轻受访者（≤41.5 岁和≤40.8 岁）的疲劳程度和起床后时间增加有关；但与老年受访者（≥60.15 岁和≥66.4 岁）的起床时间提前和睡眠时间缩短有关。
研究结果表明，睡前使用手机也会对成年人的睡眠质量产生负面影响。随着手机功能的快速和指数级发展，这值得学术界继续关注。
