Kurai Jun, Watanabe Masanari, Sano Hiroyuki, Torai Saeko, Yanase Hirokazu, Funakoshi Tomoaki, Fukada Atsuko, Hayakawa Sachiko, Shimizu Eiji, Kitano Hiroya
Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan.
Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama 589-0014, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Dec 4;12(12):15459-69. doi: 10.3390/ijerph121214997.
Although adult asthma is attributable to occupational factors, few reports are available on asthma prevalence among health care workers in Japan. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of asthma and wheeze among Japanese nursing professionals. A cross-sectional study was conducted by postal survey using a translated version of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey questionnaire from April to June 2013. The analysis included 4634 nursing professionals (257 men and 4377 women) and the overall response rate was 84.8%. The prevalence of current asthma and wheeze were 10.7% (95% confidence interval (CI), 9.9%-11.7%) and 15.6% (95% CI, 14.5%-16.6%), respectively. More than one year of work experience as a nursing professional and more than one year of experience with bed-making tasks were associated with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.95 (95% CI, 1.12-3.39) and 1.64 (95% CI, 1.15-2.23) for wheeze, respectively. Current smoking was significantly associated with the presence of wheeze, with ORs of 2.27 for men (95% CI, 1.11-4.64) and 2.01 for women (95% CI, 1.54-2.64). Among female nurses, latex allergy was associated with wheeze (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.56-2.23), as was body mass index ≥30 (OR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.65-4.62). This study has provided the prevalence of asthma and wheeze among Japanese nursing professionals. Employment period, bed-making tasks, latex allergy, obesity, and smoking may be risk factors for prevalent wheeze among nursing professionals.
尽管成人哮喘可归因于职业因素，但关于日本医护人员哮喘患病率的报道却很少。本研究的目的是估计日本护理专业人员中哮喘和喘息的患病率。2013年4月至6月，我们使用欧洲共同体呼吸健康调查问卷的翻译版本通过邮政调查进行了一项横断面研究。分析纳入了4634名护理专业人员（257名男性和4377名女性），总体回复率为84.8%。当前哮喘和喘息的患病率分别为10.7%（95%置信区间（CI），9.9%-11.7%）和15.6%（95%CI，14.5%-16.6%）。作为护理专业人员有超过一年的工作经验以及有超过一年的铺床任务经验分别与喘息的优势比（OR）为1.95（95%CI，1.12-3.39）和1.64（95%CI，1.15-2.23）相关。当前吸烟与喘息的存在显著相关，男性的OR为2.27（95%CI，1.11-4.64），女性的OR为2.01（95%CI，1.54-2.64）。在女护士中，乳胶过敏与喘息相关（OR，1.87；95%CI，1.56-2.23），体重指数≥30也与喘息相关（OR，2.76；95%CI，1.65-4.62）。本研究提供了日本护理专业人员中哮喘和喘息的患病率。工作年限、铺床任务、乳胶过敏、肥胖和吸烟可能是护理专业人员中普遍存在喘息的危险因素。
