Wu Mike C L, Gilmour Timothy D, Mantovani Susanna, Woodruff Trent M
School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD , Australia.
Front Immunol. 2015 Dec 7;6:614. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00614. eCollection 2015.
The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) can engage a diverse class of ligands and contribute to the immune and inflammatory response to infection and injury. It is known to be a pathogenic receptor in many inflammatory diseases, including ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injuries in several tissues; however, its role has not been investigated in IR injuries of the intestine to date. Mesenteric (or intestinal) IR leads to recruitment of inflammatory cells into intestinal interstitial spaces, which markedly disrupts intestinal mucosa. IR-induced mucosal injury is accompanied by the development of a local and systemic inflammatory response and remote organ injury, and results in high mortality in the clinic. We hypothesized that elimination of RAGE signaling using RAGE(-/-) mice would result in decreased local and remote organ injury and reduced inflammation in a mesenteric IR model, and thus be a target for therapeutic intervention. We found that RAGE ligands including HMGB-1 and C3a were elevated after mesenteric IR indicating the potential for enhanced RAGE activation in this model. However despite this, wild-type and RAGE(-/-) mice both displayed similar degrees of mesenteric injury, neutrophil infiltration, intestinal edema, cytokine generation, neutrophil mobilization, and remote organ injury after mesenteric IR. We, therefore, conclude that despite its role in other organ IR injuries, and the robust production of RAGE ligands after intestinal ischemia, RAGE itself does not directly influence tissue injury and the inflammatory response in mesenteric IR.
晚期糖基化终产物受体(RAGE)可与多种配体结合,并参与对感染和损伤的免疫及炎症反应。已知它在许多炎症性疾病中是致病受体,包括多种组织的缺血/再灌注(IR)损伤;然而,其在肠道IR损伤中的作用迄今尚未得到研究。肠系膜(或肠道)IR会导致炎症细胞募集至肠间质间隙,这会显著破坏肠黏膜。IR诱导的黏膜损伤伴随着局部和全身炎症反应以及远隔器官损伤的发生,在临床上导致高死亡率。我们推测,在肠系膜IR模型中,使用RAGE基因敲除(RAGE(-/-))小鼠消除RAGE信号将导致局部和远隔器官损伤减轻以及炎症反应减弱,因此它可能是治疗干预的靶点。我们发现,肠系膜IR后包括高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB-1)和C3a在内的RAGE配体水平升高,表明该模型中存在RAGE激活增强的可能性。然而,尽管如此,野生型和RAGE(-/-)小鼠在肠系膜IR后均表现出相似程度的肠系膜损伤、中性粒细胞浸润、肠水肿、细胞因子生成、中性粒细胞动员及远隔器官损伤。因此,我们得出结论,尽管RAGE在其他器官IR损伤中发挥作用,且肠道缺血后RAGE配体大量产生,但RAGE本身并不直接影响肠系膜IR中的组织损伤和炎症反应。