Barbés Benigno, Azcona Juan Diego, Prieto Elena, de Foronda José Manuel, García Marina, Burguete Javier
Clinica Universidad de Navarra; Recinto de Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra.
J Appl Clin Med Phys. 2015 Sep 8;16(5):306–321. doi: 10.1120/jacmp.v16i5.5524.
A simple and independent system to detect and measure the position of a number of points in space was devised and implemented. Its application aimed to detect patient motion during radiotherapy treatments, alert of out-of-tolerances motion, and record the trajectories for subsequent studies. The system obtains the 3D position of points in space, through its projections in 2D images recorded by two cameras. It tracks black dots on a white sticker placed on the surface of the moving object. The system was tested with linear displacements of a phantom, circular trajectories of a rotating disk, oscillations of an in-house phantom, and oscillations of a 4D phantom. It was also used to track 461 trajectories of points on the surface of patients during their radiotherapy treatments. Trajectories of several points were reproduced with accuracy better than 0.3 mm in the three spatial directions. The system was able to follow periodic motion with amplitudes lower than 0.5 mm, to follow trajectories of rotating points at speeds up to 11.5 cm/s, and to track accurately the motion of a respiratory phantom. The technique has been used to track the motion of patients during radiotherapy and to analyze that motion. The method is flexible. Its installation and calibration are simple and quick. It is easy to use and can be implemented at a very affordable price. Data collection does not involve any discomfort to the patient and does not delay the treatment, so the system can be used routinely in all treatments. It has an accuracy similar to that of other, more sophisticated, commercially available systems. It is suitable to implement a gating system or any other application requiring motion detection, such as 4D CT, MRI or PET.
设计并实现了一种简单且独立的系统，用于检测和测量空间中多个点的位置。其应用旨在检测放射治疗过程中患者的运动，提醒超出容忍度的运动，并记录轨迹以供后续研究。该系统通过两个相机记录的二维图像中的投影来获取空间中点的三维位置。它跟踪放置在移动物体表面的白色贴纸上的黑点。该系统在体模的线性位移、旋转圆盘的圆周轨迹、内部体模的振荡以及四维体模的振荡上进行了测试。它还用于在患者放射治疗期间跟踪其表面上点的461条轨迹。几个点的轨迹在三个空间方向上的再现精度优于0.3毫米。该系统能够跟踪振幅低于0.5毫米的周期性运动，跟踪速度高达11.5厘米/秒的旋转点的轨迹，并准确跟踪呼吸体模的运动。该技术已用于在放射治疗期间跟踪患者的运动并分析该运动。该方法灵活。其安装和校准简单快捷。它易于使用，并且可以以非常实惠的价格实现。数据收集不会给患者带来任何不适，也不会延迟治疗，因此该系统可在所有治疗中常规使用。它的精度与其他更复杂的市售系统相似。它适用于实现门控系统或任何其他需要运动检测的应用，如四维CT、MRI或PET。
