氯胺酮对人类失匹配负波（MMN）的影响——一项荟萃分析。
The effects of ketamine on the mismatch negativity (MMN) in humans - A meta-analysis.
作者信息
Rosburg Timm, Kreitschmann-Andermahr Ilonka
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Experimental Neuropsychology Unit, Saarland University, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinics, Wilhelm Klein-Str. 27, CH-4012 Basel, Switzerland.
Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Essen-Duisburg, D-45147 Essen, Germany.
出版信息
Clin Neurophysiol. 2016 Feb;127(2):1387-1394. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.10.062. Epub 2015 Nov 23.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate whether effects of the glutamatergic N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine on the mismatch negativity (MMN) vary between duration and frequency deviants, as suggested by clinical studies on schizophrenia patients.
METHODS
Our meta-analysis included previous studies that used ketamine in order to induce psychotic experiences in healthy participants and that recorded the MMN either by electroencephalography or magnetoencephalography.
RESULTS
The analysis revealed systematic MMN amplitude decreases and, with a lower effect size, latency increases after ketamine administration. However, the observed amplitude and latency effects did not vary between duration and frequency deviants.
CONCLUSION
Across studies, there is no evidence that ketamine effects on the MMN are larger for duration than frequency deviants.
SIGNIFICANCE
Our findings tentatively suggest that, in addition to an NMDA receptor hypofunction, other factors might contribute to the sometimes observed pattern of impaired MMN responses to duration deviants, but unimpaired MMN responses to frequency deviants in schizophrenia.
目的
正如对精神分裂症患者的临床研究所表明的那样，研究谷氨酸能N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体拮抗剂氯胺酮对失配负波（MMN）的影响在时长偏差和频率偏差之间是否存在差异。
方法
我们的荟萃分析纳入了先前使用氯胺酮在健康参与者中诱发精神病体验并通过脑电图或脑磁图记录MMN的研究。
结果
分析显示，氯胺酮给药后，MMN波幅出现系统性降低，潜伏期增加，但效应量较小。然而，观察到的波幅和潜伏期效应在时长偏差和频率偏差之间并无差异。
结论
在各项研究中，没有证据表明氯胺酮对MMN的影响在时长偏差方面大于频率偏差。
意义
我们的研究结果初步表明，除了NMDA受体功能低下之外，其他因素可能也导致了精神分裂症患者中有时观察到的MMN对时长偏差反应受损但对频率偏差反应未受损的模式。
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