Center of Research and Innovation on Sports (CRIS EA647), Team 'Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell', University of Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France.
Laboratory of Excellence in Red Blood Cell (LABEX GR-Ex), PRES Sorbonne, Paris, France.
Br J Sports Med. 2018 Feb;52(4):214-218. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-095317. Epub 2015 Dec 23.
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common inherited disease in the world. Red blood cell sickling, blood cell-endothelium adhesion, blood rheology abnormalities, intravascular haemolysis, and increased oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to the pathophysiology of SCD. Because acute intense exercise may alter these pathophysiological mechanisms, physical activity is usually contra-indicated in patients with SCD. However, recent studies in sickle-cell trait carriers and in a SCD mice model show that regular physical activity could decrease oxidative stress and inflammation, limit blood rheology alterations and increase nitric oxide metabolism. Therefore, supervised habitual physical activity may benefit patients with SCD. This article reviews the literature on the effects of acute and chronic exercise on the biological responses and clinical outcomes of patients with SCD.
镰状细胞病（SCD）是世界上最常见的遗传性疾病。红细胞镰变、血细胞-内皮细胞黏附、血液流变性异常、血管内溶血以及氧化应激和炎症增加导致 SCD 的病理生理学改变。由于剧烈的急性运动可能改变这些病理生理机制，因此通常不建议 SCD 患者进行身体活动。然而，镰状细胞特征携带者和 SCD 小鼠模型的最近研究表明，有规律的身体活动可以减少氧化应激和炎症，限制血液流变性改变并增加一氧化氮代谢。因此，习惯性身体活动的监督可能使 SCD 患者受益。本文综述了关于急性和慢性运动对 SCD 患者的生物学反应和临床结局的影响的文献。
