调查广泛性焦虑障碍患儿及其父母与担忧相关的认知变量。
Investigation of the cognitive variables associated with worry in children with Generalised Anxiety Disorder and their parents.
机构信息
School of Applied Psychology and the Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt Campus, Mount Gravatt 4122, QLD, Australia.
School of Applied Psychology and the Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport 4222, QLD, Australia.
出版信息
J Affect Disord. 2016 Mar 1;192:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.12.003. Epub 2015 Dec 10.
BACKGROUND
Intolerance of uncertainty (IU), negative beliefs about worry (NBW), positive beliefs about worry (PBW), negative problem orientation (NPO) and cognitive avoidance (CA) have been found to be integral in the conceptualisation of Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) in adults, yet they have rarely been investigated in children with GAD. This study sought to determine (a) whether IU, NBW, PBW, NPO and CA differ between children diagnosed with GAD and non-anxious children and (b) to examine whether IU, NBW, PBW, NPO and CA differ between parents of children diagnosed with GAD and parents of children without an anxiety disorder.
METHODS
Participants were 50 children (aged 7-12 years), plus one of their parents. The 25 GAD children and 25 non-anxious children were matched on age and gender. Parents and children completed clinical diagnostic interviews, as well as a battery of questionnaires measuring worry, IU, NBW, PBW, NPO and CA.
RESULTS
Children with GAD endorsed significantly higher levels of worry, IU, NBW, NPO and CA, but not PBW compared to non-anxious children. Parents of children with GAD did not differ from parents of non-anxious children on any of the variables.
LIMITATIONS
The study was limited by it's use of modified adult measures for some variables and a lack of heterogeneity in the sample.
CONCLUSIONS
The cognitive variables of IU, NBW, NPO and CA may also be important in the conceptualisation and treatment of GAD in children as they are in adults.
背景
在成人广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）的概念化中，发现不确定性容忍度（IU）、担忧的消极信念（NBW）、担忧的积极信念（PBW）、消极问题取向（NPO）和认知回避（CA）是不可或缺的，但在患有 GAD 的儿童中，这些因素很少被研究。本研究旨在确定：（a）患有 GAD 的儿童和无焦虑儿童之间 IU、NBW、PBW、NPO 和 CA 是否存在差异；（b）检验患有 GAD 的儿童的父母和无焦虑障碍儿童的父母之间 IU、NBW、PBW、NPO 和 CA 是否存在差异。
方法
参与者为 50 名（7-12 岁）儿童及其一位家长。25 名 GAD 儿童和 25 名无焦虑儿童在年龄和性别上相匹配。父母和儿童完成了临床诊断访谈以及一系列问卷，这些问卷用于测量担忧、IU、NBW、PBW、NPO 和 CA。
结果
与无焦虑儿童相比，患有 GAD 的儿童在担忧、IU、NBW、NPO 和 CA 方面的得分显著更高，但 PBW 得分没有差异。患有 GAD 的儿童的父母在任何变量上都与无焦虑儿童的父母没有差异。
局限性
本研究的局限性在于，它在使用一些变量的成人改良测量方法以及样本缺乏异质性。
结论
IU、NBW、NPO 和 CA 等认知变量在儿童 GAD 的概念化和治疗中也可能很重要，就像在成人中一样。
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