Kurtz W, Hellstern A, Leuschner U
Fortschr Med. 1989 Jul 10;107(20):443-5.
Non-surgical treatment of cholesterol gallstones is possible with oral chemolitholysis employing chenodeoxycholic acid (CDA) and/or ursodeoxycholic acid (UDA), oral chemolitholysis following ESWL and direct dissolution with methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). Oral chemolitholysis takes a long time (6-24 months), is suitable only for small stones (up to 1.5 cm) and has a success rate of 60-70%. Prior ESWL shortens the duration of oral treatment moderately and can be employed with larger (up to 3 cm) stones; it is, however, quite expensive. The new method of direct chemolysis of gallstones is rapid, very cheap, and effective (approx. 95% success rate), but is an invasive procedure. If previous results obtained with MTBE are confirmed, it could become a therapeutic alternative to cholecystectomy in the case of very large and multiple stones.
采用鹅去氧胆酸（CDA）和/或熊去氧胆酸（UDA）进行口服化学溶石、体外冲击波碎石（ESWL）后口服化学溶石以及用甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）直接溶解。口服化学溶石耗时较长（6 - 24个月），仅适用于小结石（最大1.5厘米），成功率为60 - 70%。预先进行ESWL可适度缩短口服治疗时间，且可用于较大结石（最大3厘米）；然而，其费用相当昂贵。新的胆结石直接化学溶解方法快速、非常便宜且有效（成功率约95%），但属于侵入性操作。如果先前使用MTBE获得的结果得到证实，对于非常大的多发结石，它可能成为胆囊切除术的一种治疗替代方法。
