Jinling Hosp, Dept Orthopedics, Nanjing Univ, Sch Med, Nanjing 210002, Peoples R China.
Jinling Hosp, Dept Orthopedics, Nanjing Univ, Sch Med, Nanjing 210002, Peoples R China,
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2016 Jan 1;21(1):20-30. doi: 10.2741/4373.
Despite significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma in recent years, overall survival has remained low for over 2 decades. The standard diagnosis of osteosarcoma requires a combination of clinical presentation, radiologic studies, and pathologic tissue evaluation. A typical Codman's triangle in radiologic evaluation is vital in making correct diagnosis for middle or late stage of osteosarcoma. However, there is an actual demand for novel molecular markers with high sensitivity and stability for the diagnosis of early events of osteosarcoma and also the probability of recurrence and metastasis. Except that, some highly relevant gene mutations with these events could also provide valuable information regarding osteosarcoma protection. In this review, we will focus on the molecular markers which have been discovered in recent years with potential application of early stage and recurrence diagnosis and protection.
尽管近年来在骨肉瘤的诊断和治疗方面取得了重大进展，但超过 20 年来，总体生存率仍然较低。骨肉瘤的标准诊断需要结合临床表现、影像学研究和病理组织评估。影像学评估中典型的 Codman 三角对于正确诊断中晚期骨肉瘤至关重要。然而，对于骨肉瘤早期事件的诊断以及复发和转移的可能性，确实需要具有高灵敏度和稳定性的新型分子标志物。除此之外，这些事件中一些高度相关的基因突变也可以提供有关骨肉瘤保护的有价值信息。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍近年来发现的具有早期诊断和复发保护应用潜力的分子标志物。
