硝酰基脂肪酸在心血管调节和疾病中的作用：特征和分子机制。
Nitro-fatty acids in cardiovascular regulation and diseases: characteristics and molecular mechanisms.
机构信息
Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex 26, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,,
Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex 26, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.
出版信息
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2016 Jan 1;21(4):873-89. doi: 10.2741/4425.
Electrophilic nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FAs) are endogenously formed by redox reactions of nitric oxide ((.)NO)- and nitrite ((.)NO2)- derived nitrogen dioxide with unsaturated fatty acids. Nitration preferentially occurs on polyunsaturated fatty acids with conjugated dienes under physiological or pathophysiological conditions such as during digestion, metabolism and as adaptive inflammatory processes. Nitro-fatty acids are present in free and esterified forms achieving broad biodistribution in humans and experimental models. Structural, functional and biological characterization of NO2-FAs has revealed clinically relevant protection from inflammatory injury in a number of cardiovascular, renal and metabolic experimental models. NO2-FAs are engaged in posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of a selective redox sensitive pool of proteins and regulate key adaptive signaling pathways involved in cellular homeostasis and inflammatory response. Here, we review and update the biosynthesis, metabolism and signaling actions of NO2-FAs, highlighting their diverse protective roles relevant to the cardiovascular system.
亲电硝基脂肪酸（NO2-FAs）是由一氧化氮（（.）NO）和亚硝酸盐（（.）NO2）衍生的二氧化氮与不饱和脂肪酸之间的氧化还原反应内源性形成的。在消化、代谢和适应性炎症等生理或病理生理条件下，硝化优先发生在具有共轭二烯的多不饱和脂肪酸上。硝基脂肪酸以游离和酯化形式存在，在人和实验模型中实现广泛的生物分布。NO2-FAs 的结构、功能和生物学特性的研究揭示了其在许多心血管、肾脏和代谢实验模型中对炎症损伤的临床相关保护作用。NO2-FAs 参与了一个选择性的氧化还原敏感蛋白质库的翻译后修饰（PTMs），并调节参与细胞内稳态和炎症反应的关键适应性信号通路。在这里，我们综述并更新了 NO2-FAs 的生物合成、代谢和信号作用，强调了它们与心血管系统相关的多种保护作用。
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