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[加泰罗尼亚地区改善医疗服务质量的医疗模式转变]

[The transformation of the healthcare model in Catalonia to improve the quality of care].

作者信息

Padrosa Josep Maria, Guarga Àlex, Brosa Francesc, Jiménez Josep, Robert Roger

机构信息

Direcció, Servei Català de la Salut (CatSalut), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya.

Direcció, Àrea Sanitària, Servei Català de la Salut (CatSalut), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya.

出版信息

Med Clin (Barc). 2015 Nov;145 Suppl 1:13-9. doi: 10.1016/S0025-7753(15)30032-4.

Abstract

The changes taking place in western countries require health systems to adapt to the public's evolving needs and expectations. The healthcare model in Catalonia is undergoing significant transformation in order to provide an adequate response to this new situation while ensuring the system's sustainability in the current climate of economic crisis. This transformation is based on converting the current disease-centred model which is fragmented into different levels, to a more patient-centred integrated and territorial care model that promotes the use of a shared network of the different specialities, the professionals, resources and levels of care, entering into territorial agreements and pacts which stipulate joint goals or objectives. The changes the Catalan Health Service (CatSalut) has undergone are principally focused on increasing resolution capacity of the primary level of care, eliminating differences in clinical practice, evolving towards more surgery-centred hospitals, promoting alternatives to conventional hospitalization, developing remote care models, concentrating and organizing highly complex care into different sectors at a territorial level and designing specific health codes in response to health emergencies. The purpose of these initiatives is to improve the effectiveness, quality, safety and efficiency of the system, ensuring equal access for the public to these services and ensuring a territorial balance. These changes should be facilitated and promoted using several different approaches, including implementing shared access to clinical history case files, the new model of results-based contracting and payment, territorial agreements, alliances between centres, harnessing the potential of information and communications technology and evaluation of results.

摘要

西方国家正在发生的变化要求卫生系统适应公众不断变化的需求和期望。加泰罗尼亚的医疗模式正在经历重大变革,以便在确保系统在当前经济危机环境下可持续性的同时,对这一新情况做出充分应对。这种转变基于将当前以疾病为中心、分散在不同层面的模式,转变为以患者为中心的综合地域护理模式,该模式促进使用不同专科、专业人员、资源和护理层面的共享网络,达成规定共同目标的地域协议和契约。加泰罗尼亚卫生服务局(CatSalut)所经历的变革主要集中在提高初级护理层面的解决能力、消除临床实践中的差异、向以手术为中心的医院发展、推广传统住院治疗的替代方案、开发远程护理模式、在地域层面将高度复杂的护理集中并组织到不同部门,以及针对卫生紧急情况设计特定的健康规范。这些举措的目的是提高系统的有效性、质量、安全性和效率,确保公众平等获得这些服务,并确保地域平衡。应通过多种不同方法推动和促进这些变革,包括实现临床病史病例档案的共享访问、基于结果的新签约和支付模式、地域协议、中心之间的联盟、利用信息和通信技术的潜力以及结果评估。

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