Percutaneous ultrasound-guided fetal blood sampling: experience in the first 100 cases.

Percutaneous ultrasound-guided fetal blood sampling was performed on 100 pregnancies with various fetal problems. Our technique involved the use of a 45 degree needle guide attached to a sector probe. Their gestational ages ranged from 17-38 weeks, mostly over 20-35 weeks. Seventy percent of cases were successful at the first sampling and 33% of cases had bleeding from the punctured cord. In 43 cases, a positive diagnosis was established after ultrasound-guided fetal blood sampling, including 25 Hemoglobin Bart's hydrops fetalis, 2 beta-thalassemia major, 1 hemophilia, 1 rubella infection, 1 syphilis and 13 chromosome aberrations. There were 33 survivors in this series. Seven anomalous fetuses ended in intrauterine deaths. Sixty cases resulted in neonatal deaths after spontaneous or induced labors. No fetal loss occurred in 25 normal fetuses. One fetal loss was probably related to the procedure (fetal loss rate 1/100). No immediate fetal death after sampling procedure was noted. In conclusion, ultrasound-guided fetal blood sampling had reasonable safety and technical feasibility. More common use of this technique in fetal investigations is justified and expected.