Ulfah Maria, Perwitasari Dyah, Jakaria Jakaria, Muladno Muhammad, Farajallah Achmad
a Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science , Bogor Agricultural University , Bogor , West Java , Indonesia.
b Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science , Bogor Agricultural University , Bogor , West Java , Indonesia.
Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal. 2017 Mar;28(2):254-262. doi: 10.3109/19401736.2015.1118069. Epub 2015 Dec 29.
The utilization of Indonesian crowing chickens is increasing; as such, assessing their genetic structures is important to support the conservation of their genetic resources. This study analyzes the matrilineal evolution of Indonesian crowing chickens based on the mtDNA displacement loop D-loop region to clarify their phylogenetic relationships, possible maternal origin, and possible routes of chicken dispersal. The neighbor-joining tree reveals that the majority of Indonesian crowing chickens belong to haplogroups B, D, and E, but haplogroup D harbored most of them. The Bayesian analysis also reveals that Indonesian crowing chickens derive from Bekisar chicken, a hybrid of the green junglefowl, suggesting the possible contribution of green junglefowl to chicken domestication. There appear at least three maternal lineages of Indonesian chicken origins indicated by the median network profile of mtDNA D-loop haplotypes, namely (1) Chinese; (2) Chinese, Indian, and other Southeast Asian chickens; and (3) Indian, Chinese, Southeast Asian, Japanese, and European chickens. Chicken domestication might be centered in China, India, Indonesia, and other Southeast Asian countries, supporting multiple maternal origins of Indonesian crowing chickens. A systematic breeding program of indigenous chickens will be very important to retain the genetic diversity for future use and conservation.
印度尼西亚斗鸡的利用正在增加；因此，评估它们的遗传结构对于支持其遗传资源的保护很重要。本研究基于线粒体DNA位移环D-loop区域分析了印度尼西亚斗鸡的母系进化，以阐明它们的系统发育关系、可能的母系起源以及鸡的可能传播途径。邻接法树显示，大多数印度尼西亚斗鸡属于单倍群B、D和E，但单倍群D包含了其中的大多数。贝叶斯分析还表明，印度尼西亚斗鸡起源于贝基萨尔鸡，它是绿原鸡的杂交品种，这表明绿原鸡可能对鸡的驯化有贡献。线粒体DNA D-loop单倍型的中位数网络图谱表明，印度尼西亚鸡的起源至少有三个母系谱系，即(1)中国鸡；(2)中国鸡、印度鸡和其他东南亚鸡；(3)印度鸡、中国鸡、东南亚鸡、日本鸡和欧洲鸡。鸡的驯化可能集中在中国、印度、印度尼西亚和其他东南亚国家，这支持了印度尼西亚斗鸡有多个母系起源的观点。实施本土鸡的系统育种计划对于保留遗传多样性以供未来使用和保护非常重要。
