Mukhamedova Nigora, Brichacek Beda, Darwish Christina, Popratiloff Anastas, Sviridov Dmitri, Bukrinsky Michael
Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ross Hall, Room 624, 2300 Eye Street, N.W., Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2016;1354:281-92. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3046-3_19.
Cholesterol is an essential component of the cellular membranes and, by extension, of the HIV envelope membrane, which is derived from the host cell plasma membrane. Depletion of the cellular cholesterol has an inhibitory effect on HIV assembly, reduces infectivity of the produced virions, and makes the cell less susceptible to HIV infection. It is not surprising that the virus has evolved to gain access to cellular proteins regulating cholesterol metabolism. One of the key mechanisms used by HIV to maintain high levels of cholesterol in infected cells is Nef-mediated inhibition of cholesterol efflux and the cholesterol transporter responsible for this process, ABCA1. In this chapter, we describe methods to investigate these effects of HIV-1 infection.
胆固醇是细胞膜的重要组成部分，进而也是HIV包膜的重要组成部分，HIV包膜源自宿主细胞质膜。细胞内胆固醇的消耗对HIV组装具有抑制作用，降低所产生病毒颗粒的感染性，并使细胞对HIV感染的敏感性降低。病毒进化出获取调节胆固醇代谢的细胞蛋白的能力也就不足为奇了。HIV在受感染细胞中维持高水平胆固醇的关键机制之一是Nef介导的对胆固醇外流及负责此过程的胆固醇转运蛋白ABCA1的抑制作用。在本章中，我们描述了研究HIV-1感染这些效应的方法。
