Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Department of Diseases Control and Prevention, Vice-chancellor of Health Services, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Public Health. 2016 Apr;133:14-8. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.10.014. Epub 2015 Dec 20.
Despite the well-known impact of advanced age, excess body weight, and raised blood glucose on blood pressure, the level of exposure to these risk factors that is necessary to double the risk hypertension is not widely investigated, but was explored in this study.
Cross-sectional study.
This study reports the results of a screening program conducted on a large population of adults to assess the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension and their associated risk factors. The participants were people aged 30 years or older referring to 16 health centers in Tehran. A standard questionnaire was used to collect data on blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), fasting blood sugar (FBS), smoking status, and demographic characteristics (age and gender) based on WHO STEPS manual.
Of the 7611 people who participated in the screening program, 696 (9.1%) had raised blood pressure. The level of exposure to risk factors for high blood pressure that is necessary to replicate the OR of 2.0 indicated that an OR of 2.0 corresponds to an increase in age of about 9.4 years, an increase in BMI of about 10.3 kg/m(2), an increase in waist-to-hip ratio of about 0.5, and an increase in fasting blood sugar (FBS) of about 85.8 mg/dl.
This study indicated how much increase in age, BMI, waist-hip ratio, and FBS can double the risk of hypertension. These results may be helpful for public health policy and prioritizing effective prevention programs to reduce the burden of high blood pressure.
尽管高龄、超重和高血糖对血压有显著影响，但将这些危险因素暴露到何种程度会使高血压风险增加一倍，目前尚未广泛研究，但本研究对此进行了探讨。
横断面研究。
本研究报告了一项在大量成年人中进行的筛查计划的结果，旨在评估糖尿病和高血压的患病率及其相关危险因素。参与者为年龄在 30 岁及以上的人群，他们来自德黑兰的 16 个健康中心。采用标准问卷收集血压、体重指数（BMI）、腰臀比（WHR）、空腹血糖（FBS）、吸烟状况以及根据世卫组织 STEPS 手册记录的人口统计学特征（年龄和性别）等数据。
在参加筛查计划的 7611 人中，有 696 人（9.1%）血压升高。为复制高血压 OR 值为 2.0 所需的高血压危险因素暴露水平表明，OR 值为 2.0 对应年龄增加约 9.4 岁，BMI 增加约 10.3kg/m²，WHR 增加约 0.5，FBS 增加约 85.8mg/dl。
本研究表明，年龄、BMI、WHR 和 FBS 增加多少可以使高血压风险增加一倍。这些结果可能有助于制定公共卫生政策和优先考虑有效的预防计划，以减轻高血压的负担。
