Shen Yang-yang, Liu Rui, Xu Can-can, Shu Xiao-ming, Xu Jiang-jun, Lan Ya-qiong, Chen Lü-jun
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2015 Sep;36(9):3304-10.
Selecting six large-scale dyeing factories and four large-scale dyestuff chemical factories in the well-developed Yangtze River Delta region, this study aimed to investigate the AOX pollution status in the raw wastewater as well as in the activated sludge treatment system. The components of AOX were characterized by GC-MS. Results showed that AOX concentration was low in wastewater from the six dyeing enterprises, ranging 0. 15-1. 62 mg.L-1 in the raw wastewater and 0. 06-1. 30 mg.L-1 in the biologically treated effluent. All the biologically treated effluent met the emission limits of 8 mg.L-1 in the Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Dyeing and Finishing of Textile Industry. Sludge in five factories with AOX was below 621 mg.kg-1, only one factory was with high AOX concentration of 3 280 mg.kg-1. By comparison, AOX concentration greatly varied between the wastewater from dyestuff chemical factories, was 1. 70 mg.L-1 to 78. 72 mg.L-1 in the raw wastewater and was 1. 88 mg.L-1 to 33. 11 mg.L-1 in the biologically treated effluent. AOX concentration in the activated sludge was as high as 960-2,297 mg.kg-1. Chlorobenzenes, chloronitrobenzenes, chloroanilines, chlorine nitroanilines and halophenols were typical TOX components detectable in the dyestuff chemical wastewater. Halophenols and chlorine nitroanilines could be efficiently removed. Single chloroanilines and single chloronitrobenzenes seemed to be easier removable than polychlorinated anilines and polychlorinated nitrobenzenes. Polychlorinated benzenes were also easily removal but the products chlorobenzene was hard to remove.
本研究选取了长江三角洲地区经济发达的六家大型印染厂和四家大型染料化工厂，旨在调查原废水中以及活性污泥处理系统中的可吸附有机卤化物（AOX）污染状况。采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）对AOX的成分进行了表征。结果表明，六家印染企业废水中的AOX浓度较低，原废水中的浓度范围为0.15 - 1.62 mg·L-1，生物处理后的出水浓度为0.06 - 1.30 mg·L-1。所有生物处理后的出水均符合《纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准》中8 mg·L-1的排放限值。五家工厂的污泥中AOX含量低于621 mg·kg-1，只有一家工厂的AOX浓度较高，为3280 mg·kg-1。相比之下，染料化工厂废水中的AOX浓度差异很大，原废水中的浓度为1.70 mg·L-1至78.72 mg·L-1，生物处理后的出水浓度为1.88 mg·L-1至33.11 mg·L-1。活性污泥中的AOX浓度高达960 - 2297 mg·kg-1。氯苯、氯硝基苯、氯苯胺、氯硝基苯胺和卤代酚是染料化工废水中可检测到的典型有毒有机卤化物（TOX）成分。卤代酚和氯硝基苯胺可以被有效去除。单氯苯胺和单氯硝基苯似乎比多氯苯胺和多氯硝基苯更容易去除。多氯苯也很容易去除，但产物氯苯很难去除。
