Klimberg I W
Department of Surgery, University of Florida School of Medicine, Gainesville.
Semin Surg Oncol. 1989;5(4):286-92. doi: 10.1002/ssu.2980050412.
Autotransfusion is the reinfusion of the patient's own blood. Currently utilized forms include preoperative donation, perioperative hemodilution, and intraoperative salvage. The principal benefit of autotransfusion is a reduction in the complications associated with receipt of homologous blood products. Principal among these are febrile reactions, allergic and hemolytic reactions, alloimmunization, and the transmission of hepatitis and acquired immune deficiency syndrome. An additional benefit in the management of cancer patients is the avoidance of transfusion induced immunosuppression. Predeposit autologous transfusion is a simple and safe method to reduce patient's requirements for exogenous blood. Although well suited for cancer patients, predeposit programs remain underutilized with only 5% participation. Perioperative hemodilution can be a valuable adjunct in selected patients. Although the presence of malignancy has been regarded as a contraindication to the use of intraoperative autotransfusion, preliminary reports suggest that intraoperative autotransfusion can be safely used in patients undergoing surgery for urologic malignancies.
自体输血是将患者自身的血液回输。目前使用的形式包括术前献血、围手术期血液稀释和术中血液回收。自体输血的主要益处是减少与输注同种异体血制品相关的并发症。其中主要有发热反应、过敏和溶血反应、同种免疫以及肝炎和获得性免疫缺陷综合征的传播。在癌症患者的管理中，另一个益处是避免输血引起的免疫抑制。预存式自体输血是一种简单安全的方法，可减少患者对外源性血液的需求。尽管非常适合癌症患者，但预存式项目的利用率仍然很低，只有5%的参与率。围手术期血液稀释对某些患者可能是一种有价值的辅助方法。虽然恶性肿瘤的存在一直被视为术中自体输血的禁忌证，但初步报告表明，术中自体输血可安全用于接受泌尿外科恶性肿瘤手术的患者。
