Vatamanu Jenel, Bedrov Dmitry
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, The University of Utah , 122 S. Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States.
J Phys Chem Lett. 2015 Sep 17;6(18):3594-609. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01199. Epub 2015 Sep 1.
Capacitive energy storage devices are receiving increasing experimental and theoretical attention due to their enormous potential for energy applications. Current research in this field is focused on the improvement of both the energy and the power density of supercapacitors by optimizing the nanostructure of porous electrodes and the chemical structure/composition of the electrolytes. However, the understanding of the underlying correlations and the mechanisms of electric double layer formation near charged surfaces and inside nanoporous electrodes is complicated by the complex interplay of several molecular scale phenomena. This Perspective presents several aspects regarding the experimental and theoretical research in the field, discusses the current atomistic and molecular scale understanding of the mechanisms of energy and charge storage, and provides a brief outlook to the future developments and applications of these devices.
电容式储能装置因其在能源应用方面的巨大潜力而受到越来越多的实验和理论关注。该领域目前的研究重点是通过优化多孔电极的纳米结构和电解质的化学结构/组成来提高超级电容器的能量密度和功率密度。然而，由于几种分子尺度现象的复杂相互作用，对带电表面附近和纳米多孔电极内部双电层形成的潜在相关性和机制的理解变得复杂。本综述介绍了该领域实验和理论研究的几个方面，讨论了目前对能量存储和电荷存储机制的原子尺度和分子尺度的理解，并简要展望了这些装置的未来发展和应用。
