Rudkjøbing O T
Ugeskr Laeger. 1989 Jul 31;151(31):1967-70.
On the basis of the literature, the development of war anaesthesiology is reviewed from the first war anaesthesia in 1847 until the present day. For nearly 100 years, ether was the main anaesthetic but, after the second world war, this was replaced by ketamine (Ketalar) which may be administrated by a simple injection or infusion. Under field conditions, the use of inhalation anaesthesia was rendered possible after the introduction of mobile mini-vaporizer which function according to the "draw over" principle and may thus employed without access to a flow of fresh gas. The anaesthetic most commonly is a combination of halothane and trichlorethylene. Following a review of the advantages and disadvantages of ketamine as compared with inhalation anaesthesia under field conditions, it is concluded that ketamine is preferable in mobile units while larger and stationary units should have the possibility for employing current methods of anaesthesia also. A proposal is presented for standard anaesthesia in small units in situations in war and catastrophes.
基于文献，回顾了从1847年首次战争麻醉至今战争麻醉学的发展历程。近100年来，乙醚一直是主要麻醉剂，但第二次世界大战后，它被氯胺酮（凯他敏）所取代，氯胺酮可通过简单注射或输注给药。在战地条件下，引入根据“牵拉式”原理工作的移动式微型蒸发器后，吸入麻醉成为可能，因此无需新鲜气流即可使用。最常用的麻醉剂是氟烷和三氯乙烯的混合物。在回顾了氯胺酮与战地条件下吸入麻醉相比的优缺点后，得出的结论是，氯胺酮在移动单元中更可取，而较大的固定单元也应具备采用当前麻醉方法的可能性。本文提出了战争和灾难情况下小型单元标准麻醉的建议。
