Kaweti Gudeta, Abegaz Teferi
Health management information system, Hawassa University, P.O. Box: 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
School of public and environmental health, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
BMC Public Health. 2016 Jan 5;16:8. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2642-0.
Accidental percutaneous injury and acquiring blood-borne diseases are common problems among health care workers (HCWs). However, little is known about the prevalence and associated factors for needle stick injury among HCWs in Ethiopia.
A cross sectional study was conducted by including 526 HCWs (physicians, nurses, laboratory technicians, midwives and others), working in two public hospitals (Hawassa Referral and Adare District hospitals), from January 1-30, 2014. Binary logistic regression was done to assess the association of selected independent variables with accidental percutaneous injury.
The prevalence of at least one episode of percutaneous injury was about 46% of which more than half (28%) occurred within one year prior to the study period and only 24% took prophylaxis for human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection. The adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that HCWs who recap needles were twice as likely to face a percutaneous injury. Chance of exposure to needle stick or sharp injuries also increased with increase in educational status. Having a previous history of needle stick or sharp injury was found as one of the risk factors for the occurrence of another injury. Nurses and cleaners were also at increased risk for the occurrence of percutaneous injuries.
Needle stick and sharp injuries were common among HCWs in the study hospitals, which warrants training on preventive methods.
意外经皮损伤和感染血源性疾病是医护人员常见的问题。然而，关于埃塞俄比亚医护人员针刺伤的患病率及相关因素知之甚少。
2014年1月1日至30日，对在两家公立医院（阿瓦萨转诊医院和阿达雷地区医院）工作的526名医护人员（医生、护士、实验室技术员、助产士及其他人员）进行了横断面研究。采用二元逻辑回归分析评估选定自变量与意外经皮损伤之间的关联。
至少发生过一次经皮损伤的患病率约为46%，其中一半以上（28%）发生在研究期前一年内，只有24%的人采取了预防人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的措施。调整后的逻辑回归分析显示，重新盖帽的医护人员面临经皮损伤的可能性是其他人的两倍。针刺或锐器伤的暴露几率也随着教育程度的提高而增加。既往有针刺或锐器伤史是再次发生损伤的危险因素之一。护士和清洁工发生经皮损伤的风险也较高。
研究医院的医护人员中针刺伤和锐器伤很常见，因此有必要开展预防方法培训。
