Farsi Davood, Zare Mohammad A, Hassani Sayed A, Abbasi Saeed, Emaminaini Afsoon, Hafezimoghadam Peyman, Rezai Mahdi
Department of Emergency Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Res Med Sci. 2012 Jul;17(7):656-61.
Accidental exposure to blood and body secretions is frequent among health care workers (HCWs). They are at risk of acquiring blood-borne diseases. In this study, we have investigated the prevalence and risk factors of occupational exposure among the HCWs of the Emergency Departments (ED) at three teaching hospitals in Tehran.
We conducted this observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study using a self-reporting 25-question survey, related to occupational exposures, in February 2010. It was carried out among 200 HCWs (specialist physicians, residents, medical interns, nurses, laboratory personnel, housekeepers, cleaners, and others), who were working in the EDs of the three teaching hospitals of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The age, sex, and job category of the HCWs suffering from the injury were determined, as also the risk factors responsible for the exposure of the HCWs.
One hundred and fifteen (57.5%) of the 200 HCWs had had at least one episode of blood or body fluid exposure in their professional life. Hollow-bore needles accounted for the highest amount of injuries, with 41.5%, followed by suture needles (18.5%). The most prevalent procedures associated with injuries were suturing (17.5%) and recapping used syringes (16.5%), respectively. All the specialist doctors in this study reported at least one exposure. The percentage of exposure in the other participants of our study was 74.3% for ED residents, 61.1% for laboratory technicians, 51.9% for nurses, and 51% for medical interns. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that male gender, recapping needles, and job profession were independently associated with exposure to blood or body fluids.
High prevalence of occupational exposure in this study emphasized the importance of promoting awareness, training, and education for the HCWs, for preventive strategies, and also reporting of occupational exposure to blood and body secretions.
医护人员经常意外接触血液和体液。他们有感染血源性疾病的风险。在本研究中，我们调查了德黑兰三家教学医院急诊科医护人员职业暴露的患病率及危险因素。
2010年2月，我们采用一份与职业暴露相关的包含25个问题的自填式调查问卷，开展了这项观察性、描述性横断面研究。研究对象为在德黑兰医科大学三家教学医院急诊科工作的200名医护人员（专科医生、住院医师、实习医生、护士、实验室人员、勤杂工、清洁工及其他人员）。确定了受伤医护人员的年龄、性别和工作类别，以及导致医护人员暴露的危险因素。
200名医护人员中有115名（57.5%）在其职业生涯中至少有过一次血液或体液暴露事件。空心针导致的损伤最多，占41.5%，其次是缝合针（18.5%）。与损伤相关的最常见操作分别是缝合（17.5%）和重新套上使用过的注射器针头（16.5%）。本研究中的所有专科医生均报告至少有一次暴露事件。我们研究中的其他参与者的暴露百分比分别为急诊科住院医师74.3%、实验室技术员61.1%、护士51.9%和实习医生51%。二元逻辑回归分析显示，男性、重新套针以及工作职业与血液或体液暴露独立相关。
本研究中职业暴露的高患病率强调了提高医护人员意识、培训和教育对于预防策略以及报告职业性血液和体液暴露的重要性。
