渴望进行干预？青少年对饮食相关干预策略可接受性的评分
Hungry for an intervention? Adolescents' ratings of acceptability of eating-related intervention strategies.
作者信息
Stok F Marijn, de Ridder Denise T D, de Vet Emely, Nureeva Liliya, Luszczynska Aleksandra, Wardle Jane, Gaspar Tania, de Wit John B F
机构信息
Psychological Assessment and Health Psychology, University of Konstanz, PO Box 47, 78457, Konstanz, Germany.
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2016 Jan 5;16:5. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2665-6.
BACKGROUND
Effective interventions promoting healthier eating behavior among adolescents are urgently needed. One factor that has been shown to impact effectiveness is whether the target population accepts the intervention. While previous research has assessed adults' acceptance of eating-related interventions, research on the opinion of adolescents is lacking. The current study addressed this gap in the literature.
METHODS
Two thousand seven hundred sixty four adolescents (aged 10-17 years) from four European countries answered questions about individual characteristics (socio-demographics, anthropometrics, and average daily intake of healthy and unhealthy foods) and the acceptability of ten eating-related intervention strategies. These strategies varied in type (either promoting healthy eating or discouraging unhealthy eating), level of intrusiveness, setting (home, school, broader out-of-home environment), and change agent (parents, teacher, policy makers).
RESULTS
Based on adolescents' acceptability ratings, strategies could be clustered into two categories, those promoting healthy eating and those discouraging unhealthy eating, with acceptability rated significantly higher for the former. Acceptability of intervention strategies was rated moderate on average, but higher among girls, younger, overweight and immigrant adolescents, and those reporting healthier eating. Polish and Portuguese adolescents were overall more accepting of strategies than UK and Dutch adolescents.
CONCLUSIONS
Adolescents preferred intervention strategies that promote healthy eating over strategies that discourage unhealthy eating. Level of intrusiveness affected acceptability ratings for the latter type of strategies only. Various individual and behavioral characteristics were associated with acceptability. These findings provide practical guidance for the selection of acceptable intervention strategies to improve adolescents' eating behavior.
背景
迫切需要有效的干预措施来促进青少年形成更健康的饮食行为。已被证明会影响干预效果的一个因素是目标人群是否接受该干预措施。虽然先前的研究评估了成年人对饮食相关干预措施的接受程度，但缺乏关于青少年看法的研究。本研究填补了这一文献空白。
方法
来自四个欧洲国家的2764名青少年（年龄在10 - 17岁之间）回答了关于个人特征（社会人口统计学、人体测量学以及健康和不健康食品的平均每日摄入量）以及十种饮食相关干预策略可接受性的问题。这些策略在类型（促进健康饮食或劝阻不健康饮食）、侵扰程度、实施环境（家庭、学校、更广泛的校外环境）和变革推动者（父母、教师、政策制定者）方面存在差异。
结果
根据青少年的可接受性评分，策略可分为两类，即促进健康饮食的策略和劝阻不健康饮食的策略，前者的可接受性评分显著更高。干预策略的可接受性平均评分为中等，但在女孩、年龄较小、超重和移民青少年以及报告饮食更健康的青少年中更高。波兰和葡萄牙青少年总体上比英国和荷兰青少年更能接受这些策略。
结论
青少年更喜欢促进健康饮食的干预策略，而不是劝阻不健康饮食的策略。侵扰程度仅影响后一种类型策略的可接受性评分。各种个人和行为特征与可接受性相关。这些发现为选择可接受的干预策略以改善青少年的饮食行为提供了实用指导。
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