Christiani Yodi, Byles Julie E, Tavener Meredith, Dugdale Paul
University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Asia Pac J Public Health. 2016 Mar;28(2):134-45. doi: 10.1177/1010539515626265. Epub 2016 Jan 5.
Gender is an important determinant of health. We conducted a study to examine hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking behavior among adults aged >15 years in urban Indonesia. We compared the prevalence, predicted socioeconomic factors, the gender inequalities, and the contributing factors to the inequalities. Women had a higher risk of obesity and hypercholesterolemia and raised blood pressure in later life (P< .001). In contrast, men had a higher risk of being a current smoker and raised blood pressure at younger age (P< .001). The gender inequalities in hypertension, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia can be accounted for by disparities in socioeconomic factors between men and women, particularly involvement in paid work. However, the inequalities were also accounted for by different effects of the socioeconomic factors in men and women. Gender is interlinked with socioeconomic and biological factors in determining health. This emphasizes the need of gender responsive policies to control and prevent chronic disease.
性别是健康的一个重要决定因素。我们开展了一项研究，以调查印度尼西亚城市中15岁以上成年人的高血压、肥胖、高胆固醇血症及吸烟行为。我们比较了患病率、预测的社会经济因素、性别不平等情况以及造成不平等的影响因素。女性肥胖和高胆固醇血症风险较高，且在晚年血压升高（P<0.001）。相比之下，男性当前吸烟风险较高，且在年轻时血压升高（P<0.001）。高血压、肥胖和高胆固醇血症方面的性别不平等可归因于男性和女性在社会经济因素上的差异，尤其是参与有偿工作方面的差异。然而，这些不平等也可归因于社会经济因素对男性和女性的不同影响。在决定健康方面，性别与社会经济和生物因素相互关联。这凸显了制定性别敏感政策以控制和预防慢性病的必要性。
