Williams Barbara A, Zhang Dagong, Lisle Allan T, Mikkelsen Deirdre, McSweeney Christopher S, Kang Seungha, Bryden Wayne L, Gidley Michael J
The University of Queensland, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, QAAFI Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
The University of Queensland, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, QAAFI Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Gatton, Queensland, Australia.
Nutrition. 2016 Apr;32(4):491-7. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.10.008. Epub 2015 Nov 2.
The aim of this study was to investigate how moderately increased dietary red meat combined with a soluble fiber (wheat arabinoxylan [AX]) alters the large intestinal microbiota in terms of fermentative end products and microbial community profiles in pigs.
Four groups of 10 pigs were fed Western-type diets containing two amounts of red meat, with or without a solubilized wheat AX-rich fraction for 4 wk. After euthanasia, fermentative end products (short-chain fatty acids, ammonia) of digesta from four sections of large intestine were measured. Di-amino-pimelic acid was a measure of total microbial biomass, and bacterial profiles were determined using a phylogenetic microarray. A factorial model determined effects of AX and meat content.
Arabinoxylan was highly fermentable in the cecum, as indicated by increased concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (particularly propionate). Protein fermentation end products were decreased, as indicated by the reduced ammonia and branched-chain ratio although this effect was less prominent distally. Microbial profiles in the distal large intestine differed in the presence of AX (including promotion of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii), consistent with an increase in carbohydrate versus protein fermentation. Increased di-amino-pimelic acid (P < 0.0001) suggested increased microbial biomass for animals fed AX.
Solubilized wheat AX has the potential to counteract the effects of dietary red meat by reducing protein fermentation and its resultant toxic end products such as ammonia, as well as leading to a positive shift in fermentation end products and microbial profiles in the large intestine.
本研究旨在探讨适度增加膳食红肉并结合可溶性纤维（小麦阿拉伯木聚糖[AX]）如何改变猪大肠微生物群的发酵终产物和微生物群落特征。
将四组每组10头猪饲喂含有两种红肉量的西式日粮，添加或不添加富含可溶性小麦AX的组分，持续4周。安乐死后，测量大肠四个部位食糜的发酵终产物（短链脂肪酸、氨）。二氨基庚二酸用于衡量总微生物生物量，并使用系统发育微阵列确定细菌谱。采用析因模型确定AX和肉类含量的影响。
阿拉伯木聚糖在盲肠中具有高度可发酵性，表现为短链脂肪酸（尤其是丙酸）浓度增加。蛋白质发酵终产物减少，表现为氨和支链比例降低，尽管这种影响在远端不太明显。远端大肠中的微生物谱在AX存在时有所不同（包括促进普拉梭菌生长），这与碳水化合物发酵相对于蛋白质发酵增加一致。二氨基庚二酸增加（P < 0.0001）表明饲喂AX的动物微生物生物量增加。
可溶性小麦AX有潜力通过减少蛋白质发酵及其产生的有毒终产物（如氨）来抵消膳食红肉的影响，并导致大肠发酵终产物和微生物谱向积极方向转变。
