Williams Joshua T, Darcy Isabelle, Newman Sharlene D
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, United States; Program in Cognitive Science, Indiana University, United States; Speech and Hearing Sciences, Indiana University, United States.
Program in Cognitive Science, Indiana University, United States; Second Language Studies, Indiana University, United States.
Brain Res. 2016 Feb 15;1633:101-110. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.12.046. Epub 2015 Dec 29.
The aim of the present study was to characterize effects of learning a sign language on the processing of a spoken language. Specifically, audiovisual phoneme comprehension was assessed before and after 13 weeks of sign language exposure. L2 ASL learners performed this task in the fMRI scanner. Results indicated that L2 American Sign Language (ASL) learners' behavioral classification of the speech sounds improved with time compared to hearing nonsigners. Results indicated increased activation in the supramarginal gyrus (SMG) after sign language exposure, which suggests concomitant increased phonological processing of speech. A multiple regression analysis indicated that learner's rating on co-sign speech use and lipreading ability was correlated with SMG activation. This pattern of results indicates that the increased use of mouthing and possibly lipreading during sign language acquisition may concurrently improve audiovisual speech processing in budding hearing bimodal bilinguals.
本研究的目的是描述学习手语对口语处理的影响。具体而言，在接触手语13周前后评估视听音素理解能力。第二语言美国手语（ASL）学习者在功能磁共振成像（fMRI）扫描仪中完成这项任务。结果表明，与听力正常的非手语使用者相比，第二语言ASL学习者对语音的行为分类能力随时间有所提高。结果表明，接触手语后，缘上回（SMG）的激活增加，这表明语音的语音处理能力也随之增强。多元回归分析表明，学习者对协同手语语音使用的评分和唇读能力与SMG激活相关。这种结果模式表明，在手语习得过程中增加对口型的使用以及可能的唇读，可能会同时改善初露头角的听力双语者的视听语音处理能力。
