Tenaillon O
IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, F-75018 Paris, France ; IAME, UMR 1137, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75018 Paris, France.
Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst. 2014 Nov 1;45:179-201. doi: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-120213-091846.
The accumulation of data on the genomic bases of adaptation has triggered renewed interest in theoretical models of adaptation. Among these models, Fisher Geometric Model (FGM) has received a lot of attention over the last two decades. FGM is based on a continuous multidimensional phenotypic landscape, but it is for the emerging properties of individual mutation effects that it is mostly used. Despite an apparent simplicity and a limited number of parameters, FGM integrates a full model of mutation and epistatic interactions that allows the study of both beneficial and deleterious mutations, and subsequently the fate of evolving populations. In this review, I present the different properties of FGM and the qualitative and quantitative support they have received from experimental evolution data. I later discuss how to estimate the different parameters of the model and outline some future directions to connect FGM and the molecular determinants of adaptation.
关于适应的基因组基础的数据积累引发了对适应理论模型的新兴趣。在这些模型中，费希尔几何模型（FGM）在过去二十年中受到了广泛关注。FGM基于连续的多维表型景观，但它主要用于研究单个突变效应的新兴特性。尽管表面上简单且参数数量有限，但FGM整合了一个完整的突变和上位性相互作用模型，该模型允许研究有益和有害突变，以及随后进化种群的命运。在这篇综述中，我介绍了FGM的不同特性以及它们从实验进化数据中获得的定性和定量支持。随后，我讨论了如何估计模型的不同参数，并概述了将FGM与适应的分子决定因素联系起来的一些未来方向。
