Oleribe Obinna Ositadimma, Crossey Mary Margaret Elizabeth, Taylor-Robinson Simon David
Excellence & Friends Management Care Centre (EFMC), Abuja, Nigeria.
Hepatology Unit, Imperial College London, 10th Floor, QEQM Building, St Mary's Hospital Campus, South Wharf Road, W2 1NY, London, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, 2 Murtala Mohammed Way, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.
Pan Afr Med J. 2015 Oct 10;22 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):13. doi: 10.11694/pamj.supp.2015.22.1.6490. eCollection 2015.
The Ebola virus disease outbreak that initially hit Guinea, Liberia and Senegal in 2014 was projected to affect Nigeria very badly when the first case was reported in July 2014. However, the outbreak was effectively and swiftly contained with only eight deaths out of 20 cases, confounding even the most optimistic predictions of the disease modelers. A combination of health worker and public education, a coordinated field epidemiology and laboratory training program (with prior experience in disease outbreak control in other diseases) and effective set-up of emergency operations centers were some of the measures that helped to confound the critics and contain what would have been an otherwise deadly outbreak in a densely populated country with a highly mobile population. This article highlights the measures taken in Nigeria and looks to the translatable lessons learnt for future disease outbreaks, whether that be from the Ebola virus or other infectious agents.
2014年最初在几内亚、利比里亚和塞内加尔爆发的埃博拉病毒病疫情,在2014年7月尼日利亚报告首例病例时,预计会对该国造成极其严重的影响。然而,此次疫情得到了有效且迅速的控制,20例病例中仅有8人死亡,这甚至出乎了疾病建模者最乐观的预测。卫生工作者与公众教育相结合、开展协调一致的现场流行病学和实验室培训项目(具备其他疾病疫情控制的先前经验)以及有效设立应急行动中心等一系列措施,有助于驳斥批评者的观点,并控制住原本可能在这个人口密集且流动性极高的国家演变成致命疫情的局面。本文重点介绍了尼日利亚采取的措施,并探讨了从此次疫情中汲取的可借鉴经验教训,无论未来疫情是由埃博拉病毒还是其他传染源引发。