慢性创伤后应激障碍患者抑制功能分析
An analysis of inhibitory functioning in individuals with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder.
作者信息
Echiverri-Cohen Aileen M, Zoellner Lori A, Ho William, Husain Jawad
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
出版信息
J Anxiety Disord. 2016 Jan;37:94-103. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.12.002. Epub 2015 Dec 10.
Cognitive abnormalities in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be a function of underlying inhibitory deficits. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) and attentional blink (AB) are paradigms thought to assess inhibition. Using a sample of 28 individuals with PTSD compared to 20 trauma-exposed and 19 healthy individuals, PPI was examined using white noise that was preceded by a tone, and AB was examined using a presentation of letters in a stream of numbers. Relative to the control group, the PTSD and trauma-exposed groups did not follow the u-shaped pattern in AB, suggesting trauma-exposure and subsequent PTSD are associated with similar impairment in attention. Individuals with PTSD showed reduced PPI compared to trauma-exposed and healthy individuals, suggesting individuals with PTSD exhibit faulty automatic processing. For individuals with PTSD, PTSD severity was associated with a decline in PPI. These findings suggest a general faulty inhibitory mechanism associated with trauma exposure and PTSD.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）中的认知异常可能是潜在抑制缺陷的一种表现。预脉冲抑制（PPI）和注意瞬脱（AB）被认为是评估抑制作用的范式。以28名创伤后应激障碍患者为样本，与20名有创伤暴露经历者和19名健康个体进行比较，使用紧跟纯音之后的白噪声来检测PPI，使用在一串数字中呈现字母的方式来检测AB。相对于对照组，创伤后应激障碍组和有创伤暴露经历组在注意瞬脱方面未呈现出U型模式，这表明创伤暴露及随后的创伤后应激障碍与注意力方面的类似损伤有关。与有创伤暴露经历者和健康个体相比，创伤后应激障碍患者的预脉冲抑制降低，这表明创伤后应激障碍患者表现出错误的自动加工。对于创伤后应激障碍患者而言，创伤后应激障碍的严重程度与预脉冲抑制的下降有关。这些发现表明存在一种与创伤暴露和创伤后应激障碍相关的普遍错误抑制机制。
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