Teixeira da Silva Jaime A, Kher Mafatlal M, Soner Deepak, Page Tony, Zhang Xinhua, Nataraj M, Ma Guohua
, P. O. Box 7, Miki-cho Post Office, 3011-2, Ikenobe, Kagawa-ken, 761-0799, Japan.
B.R. Doshi School of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, Sardar Patel Maidan, Vadtal Rd., P.O. Box 39, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, 388120, India.
Planta. 2016 Apr;243(4):847-87. doi: 10.1007/s00425-015-2452-8. Epub 2016 Jan 8.
Sustainable resource preservation of Santalum species that yield commercially important forest products is needed. This review provides an understanding of their basic biology, propagation, hemi-parasitic nature, reproductive biology, and biotechnology. Many species of the genus Santalum (Santalaceae) have been exploited unremittingly for centuries, resulting in the extinction of one and the threatened status of three other species. This reduction in biodiversity of sandalwood has resulted from the commercial exploitation of its oil-rich fragrant heartwood. In a bid to conserve the remaining germplasm, biotechnology provides a feasible, and effective, means of propagating members of this genus. This review provides a detailed understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying the success or failure of traditional propagation, including a synopsis of the process of hemi-parasitism in S. album, and of the suitability of host plants to sustain the growth of seedlings and plants under forestry production. For the mass production of economically important metabolites, and to improve uniformity of essential oils, the use of clonal material of similar genetic background for cultivation is important. This review summarizes traditional methods of sandalwood production with complementary and more advanced in vitro technologies to provide a basis for researchers, conservationists and industry to implement sustainable programs of research and development for this revered genus.
需要对能产出具有重要商业价值林产品的檀香属物种进行可持续资源保护。本综述阐述了它们的基础生物学、繁殖、半寄生特性、生殖生物学及生物技术。檀香属（檀香科）的许多物种历经数百年被持续开发利用，导致一个物种灭绝，另外三个物种处于濒危状态。檀香木生物多样性的减少是因其富含油脂的芳香心材被商业开发所致。为保护剩余种质，生物技术提供了一种可行且有效的檀香属物种繁殖手段。本综述详细阐述了传统繁殖成败背后的生物学机制，包括白檀半寄生过程的概要，以及寄主植物在林业生产中维持幼苗和植株生长的适宜性。为实现具有经济重要性的代谢产物的大规模生产，并提高精油的一致性，使用具有相似遗传背景的克隆材料进行栽培很重要。本综述总结了檀香木生产的传统方法以及互补且更先进的体外技术，为研究人员、保护主义者和产业界实施针对这个备受尊崇的属的可持续研发计划提供依据。
