Maruya Keith A, Dodder Nathan G, Sengupta Ashmita, Smith Deborah J, Lyons J Michael, Heil Ann T, Drewes Jörg E
Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Authority, Costa Mesa, California, USA.
California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Los Angeles Region, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2016 Aug;35(8):1986-94. doi: 10.1002/etc.3348. Epub 2016 May 16.
To examine the occurrence and fate of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and inform future monitoring of CECs in coastal urban waterways, water, sediment, and fish tissue samples were collected and analyzed for a broad suite of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), commercial and/or household chemicals, current use pesticides, and hormones in an effluent-dominated river and multiple embayments in southern California (USA). In the Santa Clara River, which receives treated wastewater from several facilities, aqueous phase CECs were detectable at stations nearest discharges from municipal wastewater treatment plants but were attenuated downstream. Sucralose and the chlorinated phosphate flame retardants tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP), tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP), and tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) were most abundant in water, with maximum concentrations of 35 μg/L, 3.3 μg/L, 1.4 μg/L, and 0.81 μg/L, respectively. Triclocarban, an antimicrobial agent in use for decades, was more prevalent in water than triclosan or nonylphenol. Maximum concentrations of bifenthrin, permethrin, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and degradates of fipronil exceeded CEC-specific monitoring trigger levels recently established for freshwater and estuarine sediments by factors of 10 to 1000, respectively. Maximum fish tissue concentrations of PBDEs varied widely (370 ng/g and 7.0 ng/g for the Santa Clara River and coastal embayments, respectively), with most species exhibiting concentrations at the lower end of this range. These results suggest that continued monitoring of pyrethroids, PBDEs, and degradates of fipronil in sediment is warranted in these systems. In contrast, aqueous pharmaceutical concentrations in the Santa Clara River were not close to exceeding current monitoring trigger levels, suggesting a lower priority for targeted monitoring in this medium. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1986-1994. © 2016 SETAC.
为了研究新兴关注污染物（CECs）的出现情况和归宿，并为未来沿海城市水道中CECs的监测提供信息，在美国加利福尼亚州南部一条以污水排放为主的河流及多个海湾采集了水、沉积物和鱼类组织样本，分析了一系列广泛的药品和个人护理产品（PPCPs）、商业和/或家用化学品、当前使用的农药以及激素。在接收多个设施处理后废水的圣克拉拉河中，靠近城市污水处理厂排放口的站点可检测到水相中的CECs，但在下游其含量有所降低。三氯蔗糖以及氯化磷酸酯类阻燃剂磷酸三（1-氯-2-丙基）酯（TCPP）、磷酸三（1,3-二氯-2-丙基）酯（TDCPP）和磷酸三（2-氯乙基）酯（TCEP）在水中含量最高），最大浓度分别为35μg/L、3.3μg/L、1.4μg/L和0.81μg/L。使用了数十年的抗菌剂三氯卡班在水中比三氯生或壬基酚更普遍。联苯菊酯、氯菊酯、多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）以及氟虫腈降解产物的最大浓度分别超过了最近为淡水和河口沉积物确定的CEC特定监测触发水平的10至1000倍。PBDEs在鱼类组织中的最大浓度差异很大（圣克拉拉河和沿海海湾分别为370ng/g和7.0ng/g），大多数物种的浓度处于该范围的下限。这些结果表明，在这些系统中，有必要继续监测沉积物中的拟除虫菊酯、PBDEs和氟虫腈降解产物。相比之下，圣克拉拉河水中药品的浓度并未接近超过当前的监测触发水平，表明在该介质中进行有针对性监测的优先级较低。《环境毒理学与化学》2016年；35：1986 - 1994。©2016 SETAC。
