Pellicer García Begoña, Juarez Vela Raúl, Gracia Carrasco Elías, Guerrero Portillo Sandra, García Moyano Loreto María, Azón Belarre José Carlos
Rev Enferm. 2015 Nov;38(11):40-5.
OBJECTIVE To identify scientific publications about falls among non-institutionalized Spanish elderly population and to summarize the study findings which analysed the incidence, the risk factors and the consequences of the falls in the geriatric spanish population aged 65 years and over who lives institutionalized in our country.
Systematic review of the epidemiological observational studies in Spain, with recording of falls, with temporary retrospective and published as scientific articles between the years 2003 and 2014 included. The articles search took place in July 2014, with the limit of language and publication year, in the electronic databases PubMed, Dialnet, RedALyC, SciELO, Enfispo and Google Scholar.
The percentage of people who suffered falls depending on the publication year. The frequency of falls recorded varied from 14.9 % to 66.2 %. The mean intake of daily drugs was between 2.7 to 4.5 drugs per day. The fear of falling that had the elderly population non-institutionalized was between 44.7 % and 49.4 %. The vast majority of falls occurred at home, with percentages between 55.1 % and 61 %. Between 30 % and 55.1 % of people who suffered falls maintained health care contact immediately and the fractures prevalence was between 0 % and 26.1 %. CONCLUSTON: It can be confirmed that the falls prevalence in the spanish elderly population is high, so the need ofnew researches are appreciated.
目的是识别关于西班牙非机构化老年人群跌倒的科学出版物，并总结对我国65岁及以上机构化居住的西班牙老年人群跌倒的发生率、危险因素及后果进行分析的研究结果。
对西班牙的流行病学观察性研究进行系统综述，纳入记录了跌倒情况、具有临时回顾性且于2003年至2014年间作为科学文章发表的研究。2014年7月进行文章检索，限定语言和出版年份，检索电子数据库PubMed、Dialnet、RedALyC、SciELO、Enfispo和谷歌学术。
根据出版年份统计的跌倒人群百分比。记录的跌倒频率在14.9%至66.2%之间。每日药物平均摄入量为每天2.7至4.5种药物。非机构化老年人群对跌倒的恐惧在44.7%至49.4%之间。绝大多数跌倒发生在家中，比例在55.1%至61%之间。跌倒人群中有30%至55.1%的人立即与医疗保健机构取得联系，骨折患病率在0%至26.1%之间。结论：可以确认西班牙老年人群跌倒患病率较高，因此需要开展新的研究。
