巴西生命最初六个月纯母乳喂养的相关因素：一项系统综述
Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life in Brazil: a systematic review.
作者信息
Boccolini Cristiano Siqueira, Carvalho Márcia Lazaro de, Oliveira Maria Inês Couto de
机构信息
Laboratório de Informação em Saúde, Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Departamento de Epidemiologia e Métodos Quantitativos em Saúde, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
出版信息
Rev Saude Publica. 2015;49. doi: 10.1590/S0034-8910.2015049005971. Epub 2016 Jan 15.
OBJECTIVE
To identify factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life in Brazil.
METHODS
Systematic review of epidemiological studies conducted in Brazil with exclusive breastfeeding as outcome. Medline and LILACS databases were used. After the selection of articles, a hierarchical theoretical model was proposed according to the proximity of the variable to the outcome.
RESULTS
Of the 67 articles identified, we selected 20 cross-sectional studies and seven cohort studies, conducted between 1998 and 2010, comprising 77,866 children. We identified 36 factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding, being more often associated the distal factors: place of residence, maternal age and education, and the proximal factors: maternal labor, age of the child, use of a pacifier, and financing of primary health care.
CONCLUSIONS
The theoretical model developed may contribute to future research, and factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding may subsidize public policies on health and nutrition.
目的
确定巴西婴儿出生后头六个月纯母乳喂养的相关因素。
方法
对巴西进行的以纯母乳喂养为结果的流行病学研究进行系统综述。使用了Medline和LILACS数据库。在文章筛选之后，根据变量与结果的接近程度提出了一个分层理论模型。
结果
在识别出的67篇文章中，我们选取了20项横断面研究和7项队列研究，这些研究在1998年至2010年期间开展，涉及77,866名儿童。我们确定了36个与纯母乳喂养相关的因素，其中远端因素（居住地、母亲年龄和教育程度）和近端因素（母亲就业、孩子年龄、使用安抚奶嘴以及初级卫生保健的资金投入）与纯母乳喂养的关联更为常见。
结论
所建立的理论模型可能有助于未来的研究，且与纯母乳喂养相关的因素可为健康和营养方面的公共政策提供支持。
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