Kristensen S, Juul A, Gammelgaard N P, Rasmussen O R
Ear Nose Throat J. 1989 Jul;68(7):503-16.
There is great diversity in the methods of treating traumatic perforations of the tympanic membrane. To elucidate the controversy, we present a long-term follow-up study of 37 patients. On the basis of our present study and available relevant data in the literature, we emphasize that early surgical intervention of a traumatic myringeal perforation is not indicated, as most of these perforations (an average of 88%) do heal spontaneously without complications. However, we stress the importance of performing a meticulous auditory and vestibular examination with close follow-up and repeat audiograms in all patients with acute traumatic myringoruptures to provide enough information for diagnosis of a major perilymph leak that would warrant operation. Myringeal perforations or major conductive hearing losses persisting 3 months after injury warrant tympanotomy and appropriate reconstruction.
鼓膜外伤性穿孔的治疗方法多种多样。为阐明这一争议问题，我们对37例患者进行了长期随访研究。基于我们目前的研究以及文献中现有的相关数据，我们强调，外伤性鼓膜穿孔无需早期手术干预，因为这些穿孔大多（平均88%）可自行愈合且无并发症。然而，我们强调，对于所有急性外伤性鼓膜破裂患者，进行细致的听觉和前庭检查并密切随访以及重复听力图检查非常重要，以便为诊断需要手术的严重外淋巴瘘提供足够信息。受伤3个月后仍存在的鼓膜穿孔或严重传导性听力损失需要进行鼓室切开术及适当的重建手术。
