Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), VU University, de Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), VU University, de Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Chemosphere. 2016 May;150:461-464. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.124. Epub 2016 Jan 4.
Flame retardants (FRs) are used to delay ignition of materials such as furniture and electric and electronic instruments. Many FRs are persistent and end up in the environment. Environmental studies on flame retardants (FRs) took off in the late 1990s. Polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs) appeared to be bioaccumulative and were found in many organisms all over the world. When PBDEs were banned or their production voluntarily terminated, alternatives appeared on the market that often had similar properties or were of more concern due to their toxicity such as halogenated phosphorus-based FRs. Here we show that in spite of the ban on PBDEs more brominated FRs are being produced, an increasing number of other FRs is being applied and FR levels in our homes are much higher than in the outdoor environment. While nowadays we live in better isolated houses and sit in front of the computer or television, on flame retarded upholstery, we are at risk due to the toxic effects of a suite of FRs. The high exposure to these substances indoors calls for better risk assessments that include mixture effects.
阻燃剂（FRs）用于延迟家具和电气及电子仪器等材料的点燃。许多阻燃剂具有持久性，最终会进入环境中。环境中阻燃剂（FRs）的研究始于 20 世纪 90 年代末。多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）似乎具有生物蓄积性，在世界各地的许多生物体中都有发现。当 PBDEs 被禁止或其生产自愿终止时，市场上出现了替代品，这些替代品通常具有相似的性质，或者由于其毒性而更令人关注，例如卤代磷基 FRs。在这里，我们表明，尽管禁止了 PBDEs，但生产的溴化阻燃剂数量却在增加，越来越多的其他阻燃剂正在被应用，而我们家中的阻燃剂含量远高于户外环境。虽然现在我们住在隔离更好的房子里，坐在电脑或电视机前，坐在阻燃的家具上，但由于一系列 FRs 的毒性作用，我们仍处于危险之中。室内接触这些物质的程度很高，需要进行更好的风险评估，包括混合物效应。
