Groner R, Groner M T
Psychology Department, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Neurol Sci. 1989;239(1):9-16. doi: 10.1007/BF01739737.
A review of recent experimental and theoretical findings is presented which relates the results of neurophysiological and psychological research on attention and eye movement to cognitive theorizing. With respect to the relation between shifts of attention and saccadic eye movements, several experiments have demonstrated that it is possible to dissociate the line of attention from the gaze direction. On the other hand, there is some indirect (although not yet conclusive) evidence that saccadic eye movements always produce a concomitant shift of attention. Another question is whether there is a moment-to-moment control of each consecutive saccade and latency or whether indirect control models (i.e. planning several saccades in advance) are more appropriate. The function of attentional processes which have to coordinate stimulus driven (bottom-up) and concept driven (top-down) mechanisms are discussed and related to some studies investigating local and global scanpaths.
本文综述了近期的实验和理论研究成果，这些成果将注意力和眼动的神经生理学及心理学研究结果与认知理论联系起来。关于注意力转移和扫视眼动之间的关系，多项实验表明，注意力线与注视方向有可能分离。另一方面，有一些间接（尽管尚未确凿）证据表明，扫视眼动总是会引起注意力的伴随转移。另一个问题是，是否对每个连续的扫视和潜伏期进行即时控制，或者间接控制模型（即预先规划多个扫视）是否更合适。文中讨论了注意力过程的功能，这些功能必须协调刺激驱动（自下而上）和概念驱动（自上而下）机制，并与一些研究局部和全局扫描路径的研究相关联。
