Salgüero Raquel, Herrtage Michael, Holmes Mark, Mannion Paddy, Ladlow Jane
Davies Veterinary Specialists, Manor Farm Business Park, Higham Gobion, Hitchin, Hertfordshire, SG5 3HR, UK.
Queen's Veterinary School Hospital, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2016 Mar-Apr;57(2):137-43. doi: 10.1111/vru.12337. Epub 2016 Jan 14.
Prevalence of subclinical middle ear lesions in dogs that undergo computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging of the head has been reported up to 41%. A predisposition in brachycephalics has been suggested, however evidence-based studies are lacking. Aims of this retrospective cross-sectional study were to compare CT characteristics of the middle ear in groups of nonbrachycephalic and brachycephalic dogs that underwent CT of the head for conditions unrelated to ear disease, and test associations between thickness of the soft palate and presence of subclinical middle ear lesions. One observer recorded CT findings for each dog without knowledge of group status. A total of 65 dogs met inclusion criteria (25 brachycephalic, 40 nonbrachycephalic). Brachycephalic dogs had a significantly thicker bulla wall (P = 2.38 × 10(-26)) and smaller luminal volume (P = 5.74 × 10(-20)), when compared to nonbrachycephalic dogs. Soft palate thickness was significantly greater in the brachycephalic group (P = 2.76 × 10(-9)). Nine of 25 brachycephalic dogs had material in the lumen of the tympanic cavity, compared to zero of 45 of nonbrachycephalics. Within the brachycephalic group, a significant difference in mean soft palate thickness was identified for dogs with material in the middle ear (12.2 mm) vs. air-filled bullae (9 mm; P = 0.016). Findings from the current study supported previous theories that brachycephalic dogs have a greater prevalence of subclinical middle ear effusion and smaller bulla luminal size than nonbrachycephalic dogs. Authors recommend that the bulla lumen volume formula previously developed for mesaticephalic dogs, (-0.612 + 0.757 [lnBW]) be adjusted to 1/3(-0.612 + 0.757 [lnBW]) for brachycephalic breeds.
据报道，接受头部计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁共振成像的犬亚临床中耳病变患病率高达41%。有研究表明短头犬易患该病，但缺乏基于证据的研究。本项回顾性横断面研究的目的是比较因与耳部疾病无关的病症接受头部CT检查的非短头犬和短头犬组的中耳CT特征，并测试软腭厚度与亚临床中耳病变之间的关联。一名观察者在不知道分组情况的前提下记录每只犬的CT检查结果。共有65只犬符合纳入标准（25只短头犬，40只非短头犬）。与非短头犬相比，短头犬的鼓室壁明显更厚（P = 2.38 × 10⁻²⁶），管腔容积更小（P = 5.74 × 10⁻²⁰）。短头犬组的软腭厚度明显更大（P = 2.76 × 10⁻⁹）。25只短头犬中有9只鼓室腔内有物质，而非短头犬45只中无一例。在短头犬组中，中耳有物质的犬（12.2毫米）与鼓室充气的犬（9毫米）的平均软腭厚度存在显著差异（P = 0.016）。本研究结果支持了之前的理论——与非短头犬相比，短头犬亚临床中耳积液的患病率更高，鼓室管腔尺寸更小。作者建议，之前为中头型犬开发的鼓室管腔容积公式（-0.612 + 0.757 [lnBW]）应针对短头犬种调整为1/3（-0.612 + 0.757 [lnBW]）。
