Rosvold Joshua M, Atarod Mohammad, Heard Bryan J, O'Brien Etienne J, Frank Cyril B, Shrive Nigel G
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Knee. 2016 Jan;23(1):70-7. doi: 10.1016/j.knee.2015.09.013. Epub 2016 Jan 4.
The ovine stifle joint is an ideal preclinical model to study knee joint biomechanics. Knowledge of the ovine ligamentous and meniscal loading during normal gait is currently limited.
The in vivo kinematics of the ovine stifle joint (N=4) were measured during "normal" gait using a highly accurate instrumented spatial linkage (ISL, 0.3±0.2mm). These motions were reproduced in vitro using a unique robotic testing platform and the loads carried by the anterior/posterior cruciate ligaments (ACL/PCL), medial/lateral collateral ligaments (MCL/LCL), and medial/lateral menisci (MM/LM) during gait were determined.
Considerable inter-subject variability in tissue loads was observed. The load in the ACL was near zero at hoof-strike (0% gait) and reached a peak (100 to 300N) during early-stance (10% gait). The PCL reached a peak load (200 to 500N) just after hoof-strike (5% gait) and was mostly unloaded throughout the remainder of stance. Load in the MCL was substantially lower than the cruciate ligaments, reaching a maximum of 50 to 100N near the beginning of stance. The LCL carried a negligible amount of load through the entire gait cycle. There was also a major contribution of the MM and LM to load transfer from the femur to the tibia during normal gait. The total meniscal load reached a maximum average between 350 and 550N during gait.
Knowledge of joint function during normal motion is essential for understanding normal and pathologic joint states. The considerable variability in the magnitudes and patterns of tissue loads among animals simulates clinical variability in humans.
III.
绵羊膝关节是研究膝关节生物力学的理想临床前模型。目前，关于正常步态期间绵羊韧带和半月板负荷的了解有限。
使用高精度仪器化空间连杆装置（ISL，0.3±0.2mm）在“正常”步态期间测量绵羊膝关节（N = 4）的体内运动学。使用独特的机器人测试平台在体外重现这些运动，并确定前交叉韧带/后交叉韧带（ACL/PCL）、内侧副韧带/外侧副韧带（MCL/LCL）和内侧半月板/外侧半月板（MM/LM）在步态期间承受的负荷。
观察到不同个体之间组织负荷存在相当大的变异性。蹄触地时（步态0%）ACL负荷接近零，在站立初期（约步态10%）达到峰值（100至300N）。PCL在蹄触地后不久（约步态5%）达到峰值负荷（200至500N），在站立的其余阶段大部分处于卸载状态。MCL的负荷明显低于交叉韧带，在站立开始时附近达到最大值50至100N。LCL在整个步态周期中承受的负荷可忽略不计。在正常步态期间，MM和LM对从股骨到胫骨的负荷转移也有主要贡献。步态期间半月板总负荷平均达到350至550N的最大值。
了解正常运动期间的关节功能对于理解正常和病理关节状态至关重要。动物之间组织负荷大小和模式的显著变异性模拟了人类的临床变异性。
III级。
