Atarod Mohammad, Frank Cyril B, Shrive Nigel G
McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada,
Ann Biomed Eng. 2014 Mar;42(3):566-78. doi: 10.1007/s10439-013-0914-3. Epub 2013 Sep 18.
The interactions between different tissues within the knee joint and between different kinematic DOF and joint flexion during normal gait were investigated. These interactions change following ACL transection, in both short (4 weeks) and long (20 weeks) term. Ten skeletally mature sheep were used in control (N = 5) and experimental (N = 5) groups. The 6-DOF stifle joint motion was first measured during normal gait. The control group were then euthanized and mounted on a unique robotic testing platform for kinetic measurements. The experimental group underwent ACL transection surgery, and kinematics measurements were repeated 4 and 20 weeks post-operatively. The experimental group were then euthanized and underwent kinetic assessment using the robotic system. Results indicated significant couplings between joint flexion vs. abduction and internal tibial rotation, as well as medial, anterior, and superior tibial translations during both normal and ACL-deficient gait. Distinct kinetic interactions were also observed between different tissues within the knee joint. Direct relationships were found between ACL vs. LM/MM, and PCL vs. MCL loads during normal gait; inverse relationships were detected between ACL vs. PCL and PCL vs. LM/MM loads. These kinetic interaction patterns were considerably altered by ACL injury. Significant inter-subject variability in joint kinematics and tissue loading patterns during gait was also observed. This study provides further understanding of the in vivo function of different tissues within the knee joint and their couplings with joint kinematics during normal gait and over time following ACL transection.
研究了膝关节内不同组织之间以及正常步态期间不同运动自由度与关节屈曲之间的相互作用。在短期（4周）和长期（20周）内，这些相互作用在 ACL 横断后都会发生变化。将10只骨骼成熟的绵羊用于对照组（N = 5）和实验组（N = 5）。首先在正常步态期间测量6自由度膝关节运动。然后对对照组实施安乐死，并将其安装在一个独特的机器人测试平台上进行动力学测量。实验组接受 ACL 横断手术，并在术后4周和20周重复进行运动学测量。然后对实验组实施安乐死，并使用机器人系统进行动力学评估。结果表明，在正常步态和 ACL 缺失步态期间，关节屈曲与外展和胫骨内旋之间以及胫骨内侧、前方和上方平移之间存在显著的耦合。在膝关节内不同组织之间也观察到了明显的动力学相互作用。在正常步态期间，发现 ACL 与 LM/MM 以及 PCL 与 MCL 负荷之间存在直接关系；在 ACL 与 PCL 以及 PCL 与 LM/MM 负荷之间检测到反比关系。ACL 损伤显著改变了这些动力学相互作用模式。在步态期间，还观察到关节运动学和组织负荷模式存在显著的个体间差异。这项研究进一步加深了对膝关节内不同组织的体内功能及其在正常步态期间以及 ACL 横断后随时间与关节运动学耦合的理解。
