He Shiying, Feng Youzhi, Ni Jun, Sun Yufang, Xue Lihong, Feng Yanfang, Yu Yingliang, Lin Xiangui, Yang Linzhang
Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2016 Mar;147:195-202. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.055. Epub 2016 Jan 7.
The knowledge regarding the effects of metal or metal oxide nanoparticles on soil microbial metabolic activity and key ecological functions is limited, relative to the information about their species diversity. For this reason, the responses of soil microbial metabolic activity to silver (AgNPs) and iron oxide (FeONPs) nanoparticles, along concentration gradients of each, were evaluated by microcalorimetry and soil nitrification potential. The changes in abundances of bacteria, eukaryotes and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were measured by real time quantitative PCR. It was found that AgNP (at 0.1, 1 and 10 mg kg(-1) soil) amendments decreased soil microbial metabolic activity, nitrification potential and the abundances of bacteria and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria; on the contrary, FeONPs had the positive effects on soil microbial metabolic activity (at 1 and 10 mg kg(-1) soil) and soil nitrification potential (at 0.1 and 1 mg kg(-1) soil). Specific microbial metabolic activity and specific nitrification potential further revealed that metal or metal oxide nanoparticles could change the C and N cycles of the agricultural soil through influencing soil microbial metabolism. These findings could deepen the understanding of the influence of NPs on soil microorganisms and their driven soil ecology process.
相对于金属或金属氧化物纳米颗粒物种多样性的相关信息，有关其对土壤微生物代谢活性和关键生态功能影响的知识较为有限。因此，通过微量热法和土壤硝化潜力，评估了土壤微生物代谢活性对银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）和氧化铁纳米颗粒（FeONPs）沿各自浓度梯度的响应。通过实时定量PCR测定细菌、真核生物和氨氧化细菌丰度的变化。结果发现，添加AgNP（土壤中浓度为0.1、1和10 mg kg(-1)）会降低土壤微生物代谢活性、硝化潜力以及细菌和氨氧化细菌的丰度；相反，FeONPs对土壤微生物代谢活性（土壤中浓度为1和10 mg kg(-1)）和土壤硝化潜力（土壤中浓度为0.1和1 mg kg(-1)）具有积极影响。特定微生物代谢活性和特定硝化潜力进一步表明，金属或金属氧化物纳米颗粒可通过影响土壤微生物代谢来改变农业土壤的碳氮循环。这些发现有助于加深对纳米颗粒对土壤微生物及其驱动的土壤生态过程影响的理解。
