伊朗德黑兰居民备灾行为的人口统计学决定因素
Demographic Determinants of Disaster Preparedness Behaviors Amongst Tehran Inhabitants, Iran.
作者信息
Najafi Mehdi, Ardalan Ali, Akbarisari Ali, Noorbala Ahmad Ali, Jabbari Hossain
机构信息
Department of Disaster & Emergency Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Disaster & Emergency Health, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Disaster Public Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
出版信息
PLoS Curr. 2015 Dec 11;7:ecurrents.dis.976b0ab9c9d9941cbbae3775a6c5fbe6. doi: 10.1371/currents.dis.976b0ab9c9d9941cbbae3775a6c5fbe6.
BACKGROUND
Tehran is vulnerable to natural hazards, especially earthquakes. Disaster preparedness behaviors (DPB) are measures that can mitigate the adverse consequences of disasters. Demographic factors affect DPB, however, the role of some of these factors is not still clear. By understanding these effects, disaster specialists could design interventions toward specific demographics. In the present study, we aimed to investigate demographic determinants of DPB.
METHODS
This cross-sectional survey was conducted in August 2014. The target population included inhabitants of Tehran who were 18 years or older. A total of 1250 participants were selected randomly and interviewed using a standardized questionnaire.
RESULTS
Results of our study showed that monthly income level, previous disaster experience, residential district and occupation are demographic factors that influence DPB significantly. However, disaster preparedness was not affected by gender, educational level, number of household members, home type, home ownership and being the head of household.
CONCLUSION
To promote DPB in Tehran, disaster specialists should focus on improving DPB in low-income and unemployed people, and individuals who live in high risk districts, especially in those who have not experienced disasters.
KEY WORDS
Disaster, Preparedness behavior, Demographic determinants.
背景
德黑兰易受自然灾害影响，尤其是地震。备灾行为是可以减轻灾害不利后果的措施。人口因素会影响备灾行为，然而，其中一些因素的作用仍不明确。通过了解这些影响，灾害专家可以针对特定人群设计干预措施。在本研究中，我们旨在调查备灾行为的人口统计学决定因素。
方法
这项横断面调查于2014年8月进行。目标人群包括德黑兰18岁及以上的居民。总共随机选择了1250名参与者，并使用标准化问卷进行访谈。
结果
我们的研究结果表明，月收入水平、以往灾害经历、居住地区和职业是显著影响备灾行为的人口因素。然而，备灾行为不受性别、教育程度、家庭成员数量、房屋类型、房屋所有权和户主身份的影响。
结论
为了在德黑兰促进备灾行为，灾害专家应专注于改善低收入和失业人群以及居住在高风险地区的人群（尤其是那些没有经历过灾害的人群）的备灾行为。
关键词
灾害；备灾行为；人口统计学决定因素
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