只参与健康体重控制行为的青少年：他们是谁？
Adolescents who engage exclusively in healthy weight control behaviors: Who are they?
作者信息
Lampard Amy M, Maclehose Richard F, Eisenberg Marla E, Larson Nicole I, Davison Kirsten K, Neumark-Sztainer Dianne
机构信息
School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Kent St, Bentley, WA, Australia.
Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
出版信息
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2016 Jan 15;13:5. doi: 10.1186/s12966-016-0328-3.
BACKGROUND
Little is known about the exclusive adoption of healthy weight control behaviors in the absence of unhealthy weight control behaviors among adolescents. The current study aimed to determine (i) the prevalence of the exclusive adoption of healthy weight control behaviors, (ii) the pattern of eating behaviors and physical activity reported by those engaging exclusively in healthy weight control behaviors, and (iii) the socio-demographic and psychosocial factors associated with the exclusive use of healthy weight control behaviors among adolescents.
METHODS
In a large and diverse population-based sample of US adolescents (N = 2793) who participated in EAT 2010 (Eating and Activity in Teens) the current study examined the exclusive use of healthy weight control behaviors, which included healthy eating behaviors (eating more fruits and vegetables, eating less high-fat foods, eating less sweets, drinking less soda, and being aware of portion sizes) and engaging in physical activity for the purpose of weight management. Data were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression in STATA.
RESULTS
Overall, 24.0% of girls and 29.2% of boys exclusively used healthy weight control behaviors in the absence of unhealthy weight control behaviors. The exclusive use of healthy weight control behaviors was more prevalent among girls who were not overweight (27.5%) as compared to girls who were overweight (21.0%) or obese (17.5%), controlling for age, socio-economic status, and ethnicity/race. In addition, the exclusive use of healthy weight control behaviors was more prevalent among girls and boys who had lower body dissatisfaction, higher self-esteem and lower depressive symptoms.
CONCLUSION
Findings indicate that psychosocial health and body satisfaction may be important targets for promoting the exclusive use of healthy weight control behaviors among adolescents.
背景
对于青少年在没有不健康体重控制行为的情况下单纯采用健康体重控制行为的情况，我们知之甚少。本研究旨在确定：（i）单纯采用健康体重控制行为的患病率；（ii）单纯采用健康体重控制行为的青少年所报告的饮食行为和身体活动模式；（iii）与青少年单纯采用健康体重控制行为相关的社会人口学和心理社会因素。
方法
在参与2010年“青少年饮食与活动”（EAT 2010）研究的大量多样化的美国青少年人群样本（N = 2793）中，本研究考察了单纯采用健康体重控制行为的情况，这些行为包括健康饮食行为（多吃水果和蔬菜、少吃高脂肪食物、少吃甜食、少喝汽水以及注意食物分量）以及为控制体重而进行身体活动。使用STATA软件中的多项逻辑回归对数据进行分析。
结果
总体而言，24.0%的女孩和29.2%的男孩在没有不健康体重控制行为的情况下单纯采用健康体重控制行为。在控制了年龄、社会经济地位和种族/民族因素后，与超重（21.0%）或肥胖（17.5%）的女孩相比，体重正常的女孩中单纯采用健康体重控制行为的比例更高（27.5%）。此外，身体不满意程度较低、自尊较高且抑郁症状较轻的女孩和男孩中，单纯采用健康体重控制行为的比例更高。
结论
研究结果表明，心理社会健康和身体满意度可能是促进青少年单纯采用健康体重控制行为的重要目标。
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