Kaakoush Nadeem O, Martire Sarah I, Raipuria Mukesh, Mitchell Hazel M, Nielsen Shaun, Westbrook R Fred, Morris Margaret J
School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Australia, NSW, Australia.
School of Psychology, UNSW Australia, NSW, Australia.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2017 Jan;61(1). doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201500815. Epub 2016 May 27.
Overconsumption of energy-rich food is a major contributor to the obesity epidemic. The eating habits of many people are characterized by the cycling between overconsumption of energy-rich foods and dieting, the effects of which on the microbiota are currently unknown.
We compared the fecal microbiota of rats either continuously fed chow or palatable cafeteria diet to a "cycled" group switched between the two diets (chow for 4, cafeteria for 3 days/wk, n = 12/group) over 16 wk. Enriched bacterial metabolic pathways were predicted, and a range of metabolic parameters was correlated to microbial taxa and pathways. Cycled rats showed large excursions in food intake on each diet switch. When switched from chow to cafeteria, they overconsumed, and when switched back to chow they underconsumed relative to those maintained on the two diets. Metabolic parameters of cycled rats were intermediate between those of the other diet groups (p < 0.05). The microbiota of cycled rats was nearly indistinguishable from rats under constant cafeteria diet, and both groups were significantly different to the chow group. Correlation analyses identified microbial metabolic pathways associated with an obese phenotype.
These data suggest that continuous or intermittent exposure to palatable foods have similar effects on the gut microbiota.
富含能量食物的过度消费是肥胖流行的主要原因。许多人的饮食习惯表现为在富含能量食物的过度消费和节食之间循环，其对微生物群的影响目前尚不清楚。
我们将持续喂食普通饲料或美味自助餐饮食的大鼠粪便微生物群与在两种饮食（普通饲料4周，自助餐饮食每周3天，每组n = 12）之间切换的“循环”组大鼠的粪便微生物群进行了16周的比较。预测了丰富的细菌代谢途径，并将一系列代谢参数与微生物分类群和途径相关联。循环组大鼠在每次饮食切换时食物摄入量有很大波动。从普通饲料切换到自助餐饮食时，它们过度进食，而切换回普通饲料时，相对于持续食用这两种饮食的大鼠，它们进食不足。循环组大鼠的代谢参数介于其他饮食组之间（p < 0.05）。循环组大鼠的微生物群与持续食用自助餐饮食的大鼠几乎无法区分，且这两组与普通饲料组均有显著差异。相关性分析确定了与肥胖表型相关的微生物代谢途径。
这些数据表明，持续或间歇性接触美味食物对肠道微生物群有相似的影响。
