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一个世纪以来的不确定:量子力学与解释学的困境。

Uncertain for a century: quantum mechanics and the dilemma of interpretation.

机构信息

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.

出版信息

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2015 Dec;1361:69-73. doi: 10.1111/nyas.12972.

Abstract

Quantum mechanics, the physical theory describing the microworld, is one of science's greatest triumphs. Remarkably, however, after more than 100 years it is still unclear what quantum mechanics means in terms of basic philosophical questions about the nature of reality. While there are many interpretations of the mathematical machinery of quantum physics, there remain no experimental means to distinguish between most of them. In this contribution, I wish to consider the ways in which the enduring lack of an agreed-upon interpretation of quantum physics influences a number of critical philosophical debates about physics and reality. I briefly review two problems affected by quantum interpretations: the meaning of the term universe and the nature of consciousness.

摘要

量子力学是描述微观世界的物理理论,是科学的最大成就之一。然而,令人惊讶的是,尽管已经过去了 100 多年,量子力学在关于现实本质的基本哲学问题方面的含义仍不清楚。虽然量子物理学的数学机制有许多解释,但仍然没有实验手段来区分它们中的大多数。在本文中,我希望考虑持久缺乏对量子物理学的一致解释如何影响物理和现实的一些关键哲学辩论。我简要回顾了两个受到量子解释影响的问题:宇宙这个术语的含义和意识的本质。

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