Court John P M, Kaplan Allan S
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1001 Queen Street West, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada.
Graduate and Academic Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2016 Jan;18(1):10. doi: 10.1007/s11920-015-0641-6.
Responses in pre-modern eras to anorexia nervosa (as now understood) varied widely, from religious piety and sanctity through fear and superstition. While noting briefly the limited conceptualizations from pre-modern history this article is primarily focused from the late 19th century, commencing with helpful but tentative formulations of anorexia nervosa for early-modern medicine that were laid out, consistently between themselves, by Lesègue, Gull and Osler. Yet that promising biomedical advent was superseded for more than a half-century by deep, internal divisions and bitter rifts that festered between three medical disciplines: neurology; Freudian psychotherapy; and Kraepelinian biological psychiatry. Mid-20th century developments preceded the 1960-1980s' improved understanding of suffering and movement toward effective remediation introduced by Dr. Hilde Bruch.
在前现代时期，对神经性厌食症（如现在所理解的）的反应多种多样，从宗教虔诚和神圣到恐惧与迷信。在简要提及前现代历史上有限的概念化之后，本文主要聚焦于19世纪末，始于勒塞格、古尔和奥斯勒为早期现代医学对神经性厌食症进行的有益但初步的阐述，这些阐述相互之间保持一致。然而，这一充满希望的生物医学进展在半个多世纪里被三个医学学科之间深刻的内部分歧和激烈的裂痕所取代：神经病学、弗洛伊德心理治疗和克雷佩林生物精神病学。20世纪中叶的发展先于20世纪60至80年代对痛苦的更好理解以及由希尔德·布鲁赫博士引入的有效治疗方法。
